Applications of 43Ca, 25Mg, and 67Zn NMR spectroscopies to biological systems

43Ca, 25Mg and 67Zn NMR spectroscopies applied to biologically important systems are summarized mainly on the basis of our findings. It was found from our studies that (1) 25Mg NMR can be utilized for studying the dynamic and/or static behavior of Mg2+ in the Mg2+ -ATP (ADP)-kinase ternary complexes and (2) 67Zn NMR bands of diluted Zn2+ are much narrower than predicted and thus can be applicable for studying the dynamic and/or static behavior of Zn2+ in Zn2+ -enzyme solutions. In addition, 43Ca NMR spectra were successfully applied to some Ca2+ -binding proteins. In concluding remarks, we discussed possibilities of applications of those metal NMR spectroscopies to medical purposes. (author)