Nuclear energy, conflicts and accidents: is there a role for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation?

References to the therapeutical properties of bone marrow are found in the medical literature since the final years of the 19th century. The threat of terrorist events involving radioactive material and the potential for radiation accidents mandate that the health care system develop and implement a preparedness plan of response. In addition to other professionals, hematologists will be asked to play a significant role in evaluating and treating victims exposed to ionizing radiations and assess their need for bone marrow transplantation. (author)