Published July 20, 2014 | Version v1
Journal article

The vast polar structure of the Milky Way attains new members

  • 1. Department of Astronomy, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106 (United States)
  • 2. Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn (Germany)

Description

The satellite galaxies of the Milky Way (MW) align with and preferentially orbit in a vast polar structure (VPOS), which also contains globular clusters (GCs) and stellar and gaseous streams. Similar alignments have been discovered around several other host galaxies. We test whether recently discovered objects in the MW halo, the satellite galaxy/GC transition object named PSO J174.0675-10.8774 or Crater and three stellar streams, are part of the VPOS. Crater is situated close to the VPOS. Incorporating the new object in the VPOS-plane fit slightly improves the alignment of the plane with other features such as the Magellanic stream and the average orbital plane of the satellites co-orbiting in the VPOS. We predict Crater's proper motion by assuming that it, too, orbits in the VPOS. One of the three streams aligns well with the VPOS. Surprisingly, it appears to lie in the exact same orbital plane as the Palomar 5 stream and shares its distance, suggesting a direct connection between the two. The stream also crosses close to the Fornax dwarf galaxy and is oriented approximately along the galaxy's direction of motion. The two other streams cannot align closely with the VPOS because they were discovered in the direction of M31/M33, which is outside of the satellite structure. The VPOS thus attains two new members. This further emphasizes that the highly anisotropic and correlated distribution of satellite objects requires an explanation beyond the suggestion that the MW satellite system is an extreme statistical outlier of a ΛCDM sub-halo system.

Availability note (English)

Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/790/1/74

Additional details

Identifiers

Publishing Information

Journal Title
Astrophysical Journal
Journal Volume
790
Journal Issue
1
Journal Page Range
[8 p.]
ISSN
0004-637X
CODEN
ASJOAB

INIS

Country of Publication
United States
Country of Input or Organization
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
INIS RN
46070886
Subject category
S79: ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY AND ASTRONOMY;
Descriptors DEI
ANISOTROPY; DISTRIBUTION; GALAXIES; MILKY WAY; ORBITS; PROPER MOTION; SATELLITES; STAR CLUSTERS; STREAMS
Descriptors DEC
GALAXIES; MOTION; RIVERS; SURFACE WATERS