Prostate Cancer Detection and Diagnosis: Role of Ultrasound with MRI Correlates

Purpose of Review

Prostate cancer (PCA) detection and diagnosis has rapidly changed in recent years, with medical imaging playing an instrumental component. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has led to an alternative diagnostic pathway for patient triage and diagnosis. Ultrasound (US) is already essential to this pathway, and development of new US technologies ensures it will assume an even more important role.

Recent Findings

Conventional US is widely used for anatomic guidance during prostate biopsy, but has low PCA detection rates. Ultrasound elastography and contrast-enhanced US are promising for improving PCA detection, have been utilized in addition to traditional systemic biopsy, and provide complementary information to MRI.

Summary

Here we summarize the current clinical use and newest developments in prostate US. We also present their MRI correlates with the vision that the two modalities will be used closely together in the future to improve PCA care.