Electromagnetic induction responses to geomagnetic disturbances at low-and-mid-latitudes

The geomagnetically induced current (GIC) is one of the most widely recognized phenomena caused by geomagnetic disturbances. Realistic predictions of magnetic field fluctuations may be used to evaluate the induction of electric fields to ground surfaces, and thus to estimate the occurrence of GICs. Although many GICs occur at high latitudes, they are now being studied at low and mid-latitudes as well. The purpose of this research was to understand the dynamics, observation, and prediction in Japan for GICs occurring at the low and mid-latitudes. In this study, the influence of geomagnetic field variations on Earth's electric field was examined. The magnetic field and the electric field components of 3 observation points for 1 year in 2015 are visually examined, and the characteristics of the fluctuations of the magnetic field and the surface electrical field were also analysed. (paper)