Multifragmentation of heavy nuclei

A statistic model is developed for the description of the breakup process of excited heavy nuclei. All possible processes determining the state of nuclear matter at excitation energies approximately 10 MeV/nucleon are investigated in detail. Dynamic effects determining excitation parameters of the nuclear system appearing during collision of heavy ions are considered. A simple analytical model for the calculation of mass distributions of flying-out fragments and their multiplicity is suggested. The model demonstrates that multifragmentation (''complete explosion'') of colliding nuclei takes place in cases of not very low initial energies and more central collisions. The important role of effects of incomplete statistic equilibrium is noted