A study of direct- and pulse-current chromium electroplating on rotating cylinder electrode (RCE)
Creators
- 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan (China)
- 2. Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taipei 243, Taiwan (China)
Description
Direct- and pulse-current (DC and PC) chromium electroplating on Cr-Mo steel were performed in a sulfate-catalyzed chromic acid solution at 50 deg. C using a rotating cylinder electrode (RCE). The electroplating cathodic current densities were at 30, 40, 50 and 60 A dm-2, respectively. The relationship between electroplating current efficiency and the rotating speed of the RCE was studied. The cross-sectional microstructure of Cr-deposit was examined by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results showed that DC-plating exhibited higher current efficiency than the PC-plating under the same conditions of electroplating current density and the rotating speed. We found the critical rotating speed of RCE used in the chromium electroplating, above this rotating speed the chromium deposition is prohibited. At the same plating current density, the critical rotating speed for DC-plating was higher than that for PC-plating. The higher plating current density is, the larger difference in critical rotating speeds appears between DC- and PC-electroplating. Equiaxed grains, in a nanoscale size with lower dislocation density, nucleate on the cathodic surface in both DC- and PC-electroplating. Adjacent to the equiaxed grains, textured grains were found in other portion of chromium deposit. Fine columnar grains were observed in the DC-electroplated deposit. On the other hand, very long slender grains with high degree of preferred orientation were detected in PC-electroplated deposit
Additional details
Identifiers
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.apsusc.2007.01.124;
- PII
- S0169-4332(07)00207-3;
Publishing Information
- Journal Title
- Applied Surface Science
- Journal Volume
- 253
- Journal Issue
- 16
- Journal Page Range
- p. 6829-6834
- ISSN
- 0169-4332
- CODEN
- ASUSEE
Conference
- Title
- 4. international workshop on basic aspects of nonequilibrium plasmas interacting with surfaces - Negative ions, their function and designability; 4. EU-Japan joint symposium on plasma processes
- Dates
- 30 Jan - 1 Feb 2006
- Place
- Lake Kawaguchi (Japan)
INIS
- Country of Publication
- Netherlands
- Country of Input or Organization
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
- INIS RN
- 39003101
- Subject category
- S36: MATERIALS SCIENCE;
- Resource subtype / Literary indicator
- Conference
- Descriptors DEI
- CHROMIC ACID; CHROMIUM; CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS; CURRENT DENSITY; CURRENTS; CYLINDERS; DENSITY; DEPOSITS; DISLOCATIONS; ELECTRODES; ELECTROPLATING; MOLYBDENUM COMPOUNDS; NANOSTRUCTURES; PULSES; SOLUTIONS; STEELS; SULFATES; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
- Descriptors DEC
- ALLOYS; CARBON ADDITIONS; CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS; CRYSTAL DEFECTS; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; DEPOSITION; DISPERSIONS; ELECTRODEPOSITION; ELECTROLYSIS; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; ELEMENTS; HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES; HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS; INORGANIC ACIDS; INORGANIC COMPOUNDS; IRON ALLOYS; IRON BASE ALLOYS; LINE DEFECTS; LYSIS; METALS; MICROSCOPY; MIXTURES; OXYGEN COMPOUNDS; PHYSICAL PROPERTIES; PLATING; REFRACTORY METAL COMPOUNDS; SULFUR COMPOUNDS; SURFACE COATING; TRANSITION ELEMENT ALLOYS; TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS; TRANSITION ELEMENTS
Optional Information
- Copyright
- Copyright (c) 2007 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.