Cryogenic thermometry in superconducting accelerators

The cryogenic thermometers used in superconducting accelerators must function in very adverse environments. Typical conditions are a temperature range of 1.5--300 K, high irradiation doses and magnetic fields which must be endured for the 20 to 50 year life of the accelerator. The authors determined the principal requirements for cryogenic thermometers in accelerator installations and for industrial applications. Some constructions of the thermometer mounting fixtures used in the ''Nuclotron'' (Dubna, Russia) and the SSCL (Dallas, USA) accelerator installations are described. The experimental results for long-term stability of the cryogenic thermometers applied are presented. The basic recommendations on the application technology of the cryogenic thermometers in large superconducting accelerator systems are given