Beam loading compensation of rapid cycling synchrotron of China spallation neutron source

Based on the prototype of rapid cycling synchrotron of China spallation neutron source (CSNS/RCS) RF system, this paper presents a scheme on beam loading compensation in high-intensity proton synchrotron. The scheme includes adaptive beam feedforward, direct RF feedback, pre-detuning of cavity and dynamic tuning of both cavity and amplifier, and their realization by an integrated digital low-level RF control system without lowering the quality factor of the cavity and changing its mechanical structure. (authors)