K-, L-, and M-shell x-ray production cross sections for beryllium, aluminum, and argon ions incident upon selected elements

Incident 0.5 to 2.5 MeV charged particle beams were used to ionize the inner shells of selected targets and study their subsequent emission of characteristic x-rays. 9Be+ ions were used to examine K-shell x-ray production from thin F, Na, Al, Si, P, Cl, and K targets, L-shell x-ray production from thin Cu, Zn, Ge, Br, Zr, and Ag targets, and M-shell x-ray production from thin Pr, Nd, Eu, Dy, Ho, Hf, W, Au, Pb, and Bi targets. L-shell x-ray production cross sections were also measured for 2713Al+ ions incident upon Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Zr, and Pd targets. M-shell x-ray production cross sections were measured for 2713Al+ and 4018Ar+ ions incident upon Pr, Nd, Gd, Dy, Lu, Hf, Au, Pb, Bi, and U targets. The measurements were performed using the 2.5 MV Van de Graaff accelerator at North Texas State University. The experimental results are compared to the predictions of both the first Born and ECPSSR theories. The measurements presented show that the first Born theories overestimate the measured results rather significantly for all experiments using the 9Be beams to examine the inner shell x-rays, while the ECPSSR predictions fit the measured data much better. For incident 27Al and 40Ar ions, the measured results are not predicted by the theories