Filters
Results 1 - 10 of 318952
Results 1 - 10 of 318952.
Search took: 0.126 seconds
Sort by: date | relevance |
AbstractAbstract
[en] There is definitely a technical possibility that atomic power may gradually develop into one of the principal sources of useful power. If this expectation will prove correct, great advantages can be expected to come from the fact that the weight of the fuel is almost negligible. This feature may be particularly valuable for making power available to regions of difficult access and far from deposits of coal. It also may prove a great asset in mobile power units for example in a power plant for ship propulsion. On the negative side there are some technical limitations to be applicability of atomic power of which perhaps the most serious is the impossibility of constructing light power units; also there will be some peculiar difficulties in operating atomic plants, as for example the necessity of handling highly radioactive substances which will necessitate, at least for some considerable period, the use of specially skilled personnel for the operation. But the chief obstacle in the way of developing atomic power will be the difficulty of organizing a large scale industrial development in an internationally safe way. This presents actually problems much more difficult to solve than any of the technical developments that are necessary, It will require an unusual amount of statesmanship to balance properly the necessity of allaying the international suspicion that arises from withholding technical secrets against the obvious danger of dumping the details of the procedures for an extremely dangerous new method of warfare on a world that may not yet be prepared to renounce war. Furthermore, the proper balance should be found in the relatively short time that will elapse before the 'secrets' will naturally become open knowledge by rediscovery on part of the scientists and engineers of other countries
Primary Subject
Source
27 May 1946; 7 p; Available from OSTI as DE00014576
Record Type
Report
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Jacrot, B.; Netter, F.; Raievski, V.
Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives - CEA, Service de Documentation, Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette (France)1953
Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives - CEA, Service de Documentation, Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette (France)1953
AbstractAbstract
[en] The authors propose an overview of the history and development of atomic piles. They first describe the process of evolution from the discovery of radioactivity to the creation of the first atomic pile (emergence of nuclear physics, to draw usable energy from matter, to achieve a chain reaction from uranium fission, creation of atomic piles). They describe various aspects of a typical atomic pile, such as the Chicago's one, by describing operating conditions, practical achievements, the pile control, implemented safeties, power measurement, high power piles, pile lifetime, and personnel protection. Then, they address the use of experimental piles, notably for plutonium production (brief description of some piles, description of the Chatillon pile and of Bepo). They propose an overview of the current status of pile technology (consequences of first acquisitions, trends of evolution), and present some new piles (Lopo-Hypo piles, Los Alamos fast reactor). They give an overview of the main innovations published and implemented in 1952. Reprint of a paper published in 'Electricite' journal, March 1953, p. 3-11.
Original Title
Les piles atomiques
Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Source
1953; 11 p; 13 refs.; Available from the INIS Liaison Officer for France, see the INIS website for current contact and E-mail addresses
Record Type
Report
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Kowarski, I.
Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives - CEA, Service de Documentation, Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette (France)1954
Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives - CEA, Service de Documentation, Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette (France)1954
AbstractAbstract
[en] After having published during the year 1953 several articles on atomic piles, written by engineers of the CEA, which gave very interesting information on the construction, the operation and the control of the pile, and at a time when all nations are considering the peaceful uses of atomic energy, this series of articles is concluded by a remarkable study of Mr. Kowarski, one of the most well-known specialists, on using atomic piles for the generation of electrical energy; after a review of uranium nuclear properties this paper gives a clear picture of the opportunities that are available today and those that may be considered in the near future: pure fissile matter combustion, pure fissile matter simultaneous combustion and production, power and plutonium production from natural uranium, natural uranium piles that solely produce power. Reprint of a paper published in 'Electricite' journal, Jan 1954, p. 3-8.
[fr]
Nous avons eu le plaisir de publier au cours de l'annee 1953 plusieurs articles sur les piles atomiques, rediges par des ingenieurs du Commissariat de l'Energie Atomique, qui ont donne de tres interessants renseignements sur la construction, le fonctionnement et le reglage des piles. A l'heure ou toutes les nations envisagent les utilisations pacifiques de l'energie atomique, nous sommes heureux de conclure cette serie d'articles par une etude remarquable de M. Kowarski, l'un des specialistes les plus connus, sur l'emploi des piles atomiques pour la production de l'energie electrique. Il y fait le point avec precision des possibilites qui s'offrent actuellement a nous et de celles qu'on peut envisager dans un avenir prochain. Reproduction d'un article publie dans 'Electricite', janvier 1954, p. 3-8.Original Title
Vers l'utilisation industrielle de l'energie atomique
Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Source
1954; 8 p; Available from the INIS Liaison Officer for France, see the INIS website for current contact and E-mail addresses
Record Type
Report
Report Number
Country of publication
ACTINIDE NUCLEI, ACTINIDES, ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES, ELEMENTS, ENERGY, ENERGY SOURCES, EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI, EVEN-ODD NUCLEI, FRENCH ORGANIZATIONS, FUELS, HEAVY NUCLEI, INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES, ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES, ISOTOPES, MATERIALS, METALS, MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, NUCLEAR FACILITIES, NUCLEI, PLUTONIUM ISOTOPES, POWER, POWER PLANTS, PRODUCTION REACTORS, RADIOISOTOPES, REACTOR MATERIALS, REACTORS, SPONTANEOUS FISSION RADIOISOTOPES, THERMAL POWER PLANTS, URANIUM, URANIUM ISOTOPES, YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] The author first presents some generalities on the cooling of nuclear reactors, notably in the case of the Saclay pile. He evokes performed calculations, discusses the choice of the cooling fluid. In the next part, he more particularly addresses the case of the cooling circuit of the Saclay reactor: circulation of pressurised nitrogen for the cooling of active bars, blower, control of nitrogen flow rate, personnel safety, heavy water circuit for the cooling of the heavy water vessel. The author then addresses the installation electricity supply: sources, contactors and switches, control console, auxiliary equipment, engines and machines. He describes the operation of electrical installations on main power and in case of emergency-run. Reprint of a paper published in 'L'Onde Electrique' journal, no. 321, dec 1953.
Original Title
Controle des installations de refroidissement du reacteur de Saclay
Primary Subject
Source
1954; 13 p; 1 refs.; Available from the INIS Liaison Officer for France, see the INIS website for current contact and E-mail addresses
Record Type
Report
Report Number
Country of publication
CEA, CONTROL SYSTEMS, COOLING SYSTEMS, DEUTERIUM COMPOUNDS, ENERGY SYSTEMS, ENGINEERING, EQUIPMENT, EXPERIMENTAL REACTORS, FRENCH ORGANIZATIONS, HEAVY WATER COOLED REACTORS, HEAVY WATER MODERATED REACTORS, HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS, IRRADIATION REACTORS, ISOTOPE PRODUCTION REACTORS, NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, NATURAL URANIUM REACTORS, OXYGEN COMPOUNDS, POWER, REACTOR COMPONENTS, REACTORS, RESEARCH AND TEST REACTORS, RESEARCH REACTORS, TANK TYPE REACTORS, THERMAL REACTORS, WATER
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Raievski, V.
Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives - CEA, Service de Documentation, Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette (France)1954
Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives - CEA, Service de Documentation, Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette (France)1954
AbstractAbstract
[en] After a description of the origin of nuclear energy, the author presents and describes a chain reaction using natural uranium, the notions of flows and cross sections, the multiplication factor, critical dimensions and the reflector role, the evolution of this multiplication factor and the notion of reactivity. He briefly describes a typical pile and its auxiliary components (power measurement, power control, safety). He proposes an overview of the characteristics of a conventional high-power pile, of experimental piles, and of a plutonium-producing pile. He discusses double function piles, the partial multiplication of resources, the threshold value of the conversion factor in a thermal neutron pile, fast neutron piles, and describes the use of uranium as a source of energy. He finally briefly discusses the price of a thermal reactor which produces electricity and plutonium. Reprint of a paper published in 'L'Onde Electrique', no. 321, Dec 1953, p. 1-8.
Original Title
Les reacteurs nucleaires
Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Source
1954; 9 p; 2 refs.; Available from the INIS Liaison Officer for France, see the INIS website for current contact and E-mail addresses
Record Type
Report
Report Number
Country of publication
CONVERSION RATIO, CRITICAL SIZE, CROSS SECTIONS, ENERGY SOURCE DEVELOPMENT, FAST NEUTRONS, FUEL FABRICATION PLANTS, HISTORICAL ASPECTS, MULTIPLICATION FACTORS, NATURAL URANIUM, NEUTRON REFLECTORS, NUCLEAR ENERGY, NUCLEAR POWER, NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS, NUCLEAR REACTIONS, PLUTONIUM, RADIOACTIVITY, REACTIVITY, REACTOR COMPONENTS, REACTOR KINETICS, REACTORS
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Kowarski, L.
CEA Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Universite de Paris, 75 (France)1955
CEA Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Universite de Paris, 75 (France)1955
AbstractAbstract
[en] This conference raises an inventory of industrial applications and their perspectives for the year 1955. The speaker extrapolate for the forthcoming years the evolution of the role of the nuclear, the nuclear fuel, the different, types of atomic reactors and the state of advancement for different countries. (M.B.)
[fr]
Cette conference dresse un etat des lieux des applications industrielles et de leurs perspectives pour l'annee 1955. L'orateur aborde entre autre l'evolution du role du nucleaire dans les annees a venir, le combustible nucleaire, les differents types de piles atomiques et l'etat d'avancement des differents pays. (M.B.)Original Title
Perspectives imminentes de l'application industrielle de l'energie atomique
Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Source
1955; 21 p; Conference on imminent perspectives for industrial application of atomic energy; Conference perspectives imminentes de l'application industrielle de l'energie atomique; Paris (France); 22 Jan 1955; 0 ref.
Record Type
Report
Literature Type
Conference
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] The National Commission for Nuclear Energy issued a law, enforced on January 1, 1956, in its position as an organ of the Federal Executive Power, with its own personality and patrimony, and the judicial capacities necessary to carry out its purposes: for all matters pertaining this law, 'atomic materials' are those included in the Mineral Resources; uranium, thorium and in general all elements from which energy may be obtained in large amounts through nuclear reactions, based upon the judgement of the Commission. The objective of the National Commission for Nuclear Energy is to control, survey, coordinate, foster and carry out: a) Exploration and exploitation of atomic material deposits, as well as the deposits of all other material that may be of specific use for the construction of nuclear reactors. b) Possession of atomic material. c) Exports and imports of such material. d) Imports and exports of equipment for the use of nuclear energy. e) Trade and local transportation of these materials. f) The production and use of nuclear energy, intended primarily to satisfy national needs. g) Scientific research in the field of nuclear fission and all related technical and scientific disciplines
Original Title
Ley que crea la Comision Nacional de Energia Nuclear
Primary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Literature Type
Legislative Material
Journal
Diario Oficial de la Federacion; CODEN DOFEE4; Tomo CCXIII (No.53); p. 28-29
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Gibrat, Robert
Societe astronomique de France, 3, rue Beethoven, 75016 Paris (France); Nasa Astrophysics Data System - ADS, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States)1955
Societe astronomique de France, 3, rue Beethoven, 75016 Paris (France); Nasa Astrophysics Data System - ADS, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States)1955
AbstractAbstract
[en] This article first proposes a presentation of the tidal theory and outlines the roles of Newton (to know the phenomenon), Laplace (to understand it) and Poincare (to act on it). The author then describes some tidal characteristics, notice than they can be different in different locations of the planet in frequency (two tides a day here, one tide a day there, or negligible) as well as in amplitude. Then, he addresses the history of cycles of use of tides, notably by exploiting the filling and emptying of basins by means of turbines (simple effect dam, double effect dam, pumping). He evokes some historical projects of tidal power plants in France, and then more particularly the Rance tidal power plant project, the Chausey and Minquiers projects. Article published in 'L'Astronomie' journal, Vol. 69, Dec. 1955, p.449-469.
Original Title
L'energie des marees
Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Source
Dec 1955; 21 p; Conference of the French Astronomical Society; Conference de la Societe Astronomique de France; Paris (France); 20 Apr 1955; Available from the INIS Liaison Officer for France, see the INIS website for current contact and E-mail addresses
Record Type
Miscellaneous
Literature Type
Conference
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Mawson, C.A.
Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River, Ontario (Canada)1955
Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River, Ontario (Canada)1955
AbstractAbstract
[en] The establishment of an atomic energy project is soon followed by the production of a variety of radioactive wastes which must be disposed of safely, quickly and cheaply. Experience has shown that much more thought has been devoted to the design of plant and laboratories than to the apparently dull problem of what to do with the wastes, but the nature of the wastes which will arise from nuclear power production calls for a change in this situation. We shall not be concerned here with power pile wastes, but disposal problems which have occurred in operation of experimental reactors have been serious enough to show that waste disposal should be considered during the early planning stages. (author)
Primary Subject
Source
1955; 3 p; 1 ref., 3 tabs., 1 fig. Presented at the United Nations International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, Switzerland, August 8-20, 1955.
Record Type
Report
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] The present report draws up the balance on the present and estimable energy consumption for the next twenty years. The present energy comes mainly of the consumption of coal, oil products and essentially hydraulic electric energy. the market development comes essentially of the development the industrial activity and of new applications tributary of the cost and the distribution of the electric energy. To this effect, the atomic energy offers good industrial perspectives in complement of the energy present resources in order to answer the new needs. (M.B.)
[fr]
Le present rapport dresse le bilan sur la consommation energetique actuelle et previsionnelle pour les vingt prochaines annees. L'energie actuelle provient principalement consommation de charbon, de produits petroliers et d'energie electrique essentiellement hydraulique. l'evolution du marche provient essentielement du developpement l'activite industriel et de nouvelles applications tributaire du cout et de la distribution de l'energie electrique. A cet effet, l'energie atomique offre de bonne perspectives industrielles en complement des sources actuelles energetiques afin de repondre aux nouveaux besoins. (M.B.)Original Title
Estimation des besoins energetiques
Primary Subject
Source
1955; 7 p; Geneva Conference: communication of the CEA; Communication du C.E.A. a la conference de Geneve; Geneve (Switzerland); Aug 1955; 1 ref.
Record Type
Report
Literature Type
Conference
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
1 | 2 | 3 | Next |