[en] Report presents the current state-of art in developing safety reports and probabilistic safety analyses for WWER NPPs operated in Russia. Development of these reports and implementation of PSA is done according to the requirements outlined in the basic document 'General Statement on Ensuring safety (OPB). At present submitting safety reports to the regulatory authority GAN RF is mandatory for licensing NPPs. Current state of safety reports for the operating WWER type NPPs meets generally the effective Russian standard engineering documents which are approaching the international standards. A mechanism ensuring correspondence of the safety documentation to the current state of operating units is determined. Modernization of the operating units is underway, it is aimed to eliminate existing deviations from requirements of the modern standards in the field of NPP safety

[en] Short communication

[en] This article contains four lists of various documents relevant to nuclear safety as compiled by the editor. These lists are: (1) reactor operations-related reports of U.S. origin, (2) other books and reports, (3) regulatory guides, and (4) nuclear standards. Each list contains the documents in its category which were published (or became available) during the October 1995 through March 1996 reporting period. The availability and cost of the documents are noted in most instances

No abstract available

[en] The cumulated experience on operating nuclear power plants and the progress of safety knowledge allow to conceive reactors with high standard of safety and with optimized building and operating costs. In this article we present the proceedings followed by electricity producers, the main western nuclear plant builders and safety authorities to warrant the required level of safety. The main safety characteristics of new PWR projects are reviewed. A comparison is made between EPR, SYSTEM 80+, APWR and AP600 projects. Safety is also based on the quality of building and the excellence of operating staff. (A.C.)

No abstract available

[en] The present note describes the basic principles for nuclear reactor safety which are followed, as a general feature, for all nuclear power plants. The text contains a description of safety features, including the concepts of redundancy, diversity and physical separation. Attention to multiple barriers and to the three levels of safety measures is given. The importance of the presence of the operator and the general approach known as probability safety analysis are outlined. After this general picture of the nuclear safety basic principles, most recent trends of safety design are examined, showing the evolution since the first generation of nuclear reactors. New design criteria are introduced and finally a proposal is advanced of a small, modular, multi-purpose reactor inherently safe, called MARS, and developed jointly at the University of Rome La Sapienza and the Italian National Agency ENEA. (author)

[en] Westinghouse is developing advanced safety analysis technologies for both LOCA and Non-LOCA events. The Best-Estimate LOCA (BELOCA) technologies for cold leg injection and direct vessel injection have been licensed to support plant modifications which require significant PCT margin. The development of a BELOCA methodology for Upper Plenum Injection (UPI) plants has been completed and submitted to the US NRC. A Best-Estimate Small Break technology is also being developed. For Reactivity Insertion Accidents (RIA) and DNB limited events, Westinghouse is developing a three dimensional core kinetics methodology based on the extremely flexible EPRI codes, RETRAN and VIPRE. Studies have been completed to demonstrate the applicability of Westinghouse's existing methodologies to the developed RETRAN model. These advanced technologies will significantly enhance the reliability of the safety margin evaluations which are required to improve the plant operation economics.(author)

[en] A leading internationally agreed principle is that the prime responsibility for nuclear safety rests with each user of nuclear energy. A proper regulatory regime is needed to ensure that this responsibility is met. In the first place it provides a verification that all relevant safety issues are understood and taken into account in the practical measures by the users but it is equally important that the regulatory regime supports the users in their strive to achieve an adequate level of safety (author)

No abstract available