[en] This paper mainly discusses the nonlinear effect induced by the quantum coherence of the ground state fine structure energy-levels in a cascade-type four-level system. Coupling field excites the optical transition from the excited state lower fine structure energy-level to both two ground state fine structure energy-levels, which leads to a new absorption peak. It is shown that the smaller population relaxation rate between two ground state fine structure energy-levels is, the more significant quantum coherence is. However, this quantum coherence can be weakened by increasing the Rabi frequency of coupling field. (authors)

[en] In the present work we describe our results concerning the calculation of equation of state of symmetric zero temperature nuclear matter and the microscopic optical potential using the soft-core Argonne inter-nucleon potentials in first order Brueckner–Hartree–Fock (BHF) theory. The nuclear matter saturates at a density 0.228 nucleon/fm³ with 17.52 MeV binding energy per nucleon for Argonne av-14 and at 0.228 nucleon/fm³ with 17.01 MeV binding energy per nucleon for Argonne av-18. As a test case we present an analysis of 65 and 200 MeV protons scattering from ²⁰⁸Pb. The Argonne av-14 has been used for the first time to calculate nucleon optical potential in BHF and analyze the nucleon scattering data. We also compare our reaction matrix results with those using the old hard-core Hamada–Johnston and the soft-core Urbana uv-14 and Argonne av-18 inter-nucleon potentials. Our results indicate that the microscopic potential obtained using av-14 gives marginally better agreement with the experimental data than the other three Hamiltonians used in the present work. (author)

[en] The reaction ⁹⁶Mo(d, p)⁹⁷Mo has been studied at 12 MeV using the tandem Van de Graaff accelerator and a multi-channel magnetic spectrograph at the Atomic Weapon Research Establishment, Aldermaston, England. Angular distributions of protons are measured at 12 different angles from 5° to 87.5° at an interval of 7.5° and the reaction products are detected in nuclear emulsion plates. Thirty levels in the energy range from 0.000 to 2.458 MeV have been observed and absolute differential cross-sections for these levels have been measured. The data are analyzed in terms of the distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA) theory of the direct reactions, and spins, parities and spectroscopic factors are deduced for various levels. Ambiguity in the spin assignments of d_5/2 and d_3/2 which is allowed in l_n = 2(d, p) transition is removed by using the corresponding L-value of the ⁹⁵ Mo(t, p)⁹⁷Mo reaction at E_t = 12 MeV. Determined value of the sum of spectroscopic factors for transfers of d_5/2 neutrons suggests configuration mixing in the ground state of ⁹⁶Mo. The properties of the levels in ⁹⁷Mo are compared with previous experimental results and theoretical predictions. (author)

[en] Strange quark nuggets (SQNs) could be the relics of the cosmological QCD phase transition, and they could very likely be the candidate of cold dark matter if survived the cooling of the later Universe, although the formation and evolution of these SQNs depend on the physical state of the hot QGP (quark-gluon plasma) phase and the state of cold quark matter. We reconsider the possibility of SQNs as cold dark matter, and discuss the astrophysical consequences of primordial SQNs in the early and present universe. In the early Universe, the formation of black holes inside primordial halos could be faster than that in the standard scenario, and speed up the formation of the supermassive black holes at high redshift. In the present Universe, the capture of SQNs by pulsars could trigger star-quakes, which could be the mechanism for pulsar-glitches. (author)

[en] We have documented self-assembled geometric triangular chiral crystal complexes (GTCHC) and a framework of collagen vascular invariant geometric attractors in cancer tissues. This article shows how this system evolves in time. These structures are incorporated together and evolve in different ways. When the geometric core is stable, and the tissue architecture collapses, fragmented components emerge, which reveal a hidden interior identifying how each molecule is reassembled into the original mold, using one common connection, ie, a fractal self-similarity that guided the system from the beginning. GTCHC complexes generate ejected crystal comet tail effects and produce strange helicity states that arise in the form of spin domain interactions. As the crystal growth vibration stage progresses, biofractal echo images converge in a master-built construction of embryoid bodies with enolase-selective immunopositivity in relation to clusters of triangular chiral cell organization. In our electro-optic collision model, we were able to predict and replicate all the characteristics of this complex geometry that connects a physical phenomenon with the signal patterns that generate biologic chaos. Intrinsically, fractal geometry makes spatial correction errors embrace the chaotic system in a way that permits new structures to emerge, and as a result, an ordered self-assembly of embryoid bodies with neural differentiation at the final stage of cancer development is a predictable process. We hope that further investigation of these structures will lead not only to a new way of thinking about physics and biology, but also to a rewarding area in cancer research

[en] Based on the molecular architecture revealed by electron cryo-tomography, the mechanism of the bending motion of eukaryotic flagella/cilia is discussed. Electron cryo-tomography is a potential approach to analyzing the three-dimensional conformation of frozen hydrated biological macromolecules using electron microscopy. Since projections of each individual object illuminated from different orientations are merged, electron tomography is capable of structural analysis of such heterogeneous environments as in vivo or with polymorphism, although radiation damage and the missing wedge are severe problems. Here, recent results on the structure of eukaryotic flagella, which is an ATP-driven bending organelle, from green algae Chlamydomonas are presented. Tomographic analysis reveals asymmetric molecular arrangements, especially that of the dynein motor proteins, in flagella, giving insight into the mechanism of planar asymmetric bending motion. Methodological challenges to obtaining higher-resolution structures from this technique are also discussed

[en] The results of particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations are presented on the evolution of the electron whistler waves during the collisionless magnetic reconnection. The simulation results show that the electron whistler waves with frequency higher than the lower hybrid frequency are found to occur in the electrons outflow region. Moreover, the present results indicate that these electron whistler waves with high-frequency in the region greater than an ion inertial scale of the x-line are irrelevant to the fast reconnection, but are generated as a result of the reconnection processes. (authors)

[en] Within the framework of Einstein—Cartan theory, we obtain a general condition leading to singularity and inflation for all Bianchi cosmological models. If the spin energy is smaller than anisotropic energy density (i.e. S²-σ² ≤ 0), the Universe can not avoid singularity. If S²-σ² >-ρ_v/2 (ρ_v is vacuum energy density), the Universe can undergo an inflation phase. Examples of Bianchi type-Ⅸ, Ⅰ and Ⅴ cosmological models are discussed. (authors)

[en] We investigate the time evolution of a coupled harmonic-oscillator chain under two boundary conditions: two ends fixed and one end fixed. The dynamics of the coupled chain and the steady variances of the coordinates are explicitly analyzed by the entire Hamiltonian using a diagonalization approach. Our result shows the desirable symmetry for the case with two ends fixed. In particular, a Langevin simulation technique is proposed to sample the harmonic chain across the entire equilibrium distribution. (authors)

[en] We present the measurements and calculations of the absolute total collision cross sections for a room-temperature gas of helium using ⁸⁷Rb atoms confined in either a magneto-optic or a magnetic quadrupole trap. The loss rates from the magneto-optic trap and the pure magnetic trap are compared and show significant differences. The collision cross sections as a function of trap depth for helium gas are obtained. These findings are significant for extracting the information about the different cross sections when the trap depth is changed. (authors)