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Pigaht, Maurice; Janssen, Rainer; Rutz, Dominik; Boehm, Thorsten; Vasen, Norbert; Vegas, Laura; Karapanagiotis, Nicolas
Proceedings of the 2. world conference on Pellets2006
Proceedings of the 2. world conference on Pellets2006
AbstractAbstract
[en] The potential for Pellets trade in Europe was researched and assessed. Such trade is of key importance for the development of a European pellet market of sufficient supply, demand, price and quality standards. Three target markets were taken as case studies for the trade assessment: Greece, Spain and Italy. All three markets stand to profit greatly from international trade. For these markets, pellet imports could supply the basis for the development of a domestic boiler market. At the same time, pellet exports would allow the planning of larger pellet production plants. Whilst these additional costs amount to some 10-20% of the Pellets price, they are financially acceptable, especially for new markets and 'peaks' in the demand/supply of established markets
Primary Subject
Source
Swedish Bioenergy Association (SVEBIO), Stockholm (Sweden); 312 p; ISBN 91-631-8961-5;
; Jul 2006; p. 297-300; Pellets 2006. 2. world conference on Pellets; Joenkoeping (Sweden); 30 May - 1 Jun 2006; Available from OSTI; Commercial reproduction prohibited; OSTI as DE20812302; PURL: https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/20812247-FXm9jO/

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AbstractAbstract
[en] The objective of the project is to produce market information for technologies for small-scale production and use of wood fuels. In addition, information is produced on planning the supply chains, on raw material availability as well as on the applicability and competitiveness of Finnish technologies. In this work, business models are also developed with the aim of conceptualizing the whole supply system. The focus is on the highlands of EU, where the annual consumption of heat energy is close to the levels in Nordic Countries and which also often are outside the natural gas network. (orig.)
Original Title
Puupolttoaineiden pientuotannon ja -kaeytoen teknologian ja osaamisen markkinat ja siirto EU-maissa - SMEuFire
Primary Subject
Source
Jussila, J. (ed.) (Technopolis, Oyj, Vantaa (Finland)); Tekes National Technology Agency of Finland, Helsinki (Finland); 246 p; ISBN 978-952-457-374-0;
; 2007; p. 205-207; Available at http://www.tekes.fi/climbus search path: Julkaisut ja linkit ClimBus-teknologiaohjelman katsaus 2007

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Lauhanen, R.; Humalamaeki, H.
Work Efficiency Inst., Helsinki (Finland)2006
Work Efficiency Inst., Helsinki (Finland)2006
AbstractAbstract
[en] In March 2006, a research project was launched about bioenergy production and use that serves the South Ostrobothnia Target 2 area. The project is funded by the European Regional Development Fund, the South Ostrobothnia Employment and Economic Centre and Seinjoki University of Applied Sciences. A meeting of experts was held in Aehtaeri during April 2006 to establish the views on the problems, bottlenecks and research needs of the bioenergy sector. The bioenergy trade was seen as regional opportunity and strength. Its domestic content, effect on employment and the regional economy plus the plentiful raw material sources of forests, fields and bogs were identified. Like-wise, the competing position between bioenergy and other forms of energy became evident. Forest owners emphasised the weakness of low energy wood prices and the risks of forest soil nutrient losses. The forest industry was concerned about a foreseen shortage of machine operators. Forest owners, municipalities, researchers and Forest Centre raised the short-sightedness of state subsidy policy. The Forest Centre also brought up the issue of operators who only seek fast profits in a fast growing trade. The issue of emissions trade benefits ending up outside the forest sector was also considered a problem. The core research needs identified were collating fragmented research in-formation for the use of operators in the Target area, mapping the bioenergy potential of the region, logistical calculations and energy wood measurement
Original Title
Bioenergia-alan nykytila Etelae-Pohjanmaalla - asiantuntijasiminaarin SWOT-analyysi
Primary Subject
Source
2006; 4 p; ISSN 0782-6818;
; Available from Work Efficiency Inst., P.O.Box 28, FI-05201 Helsinki, Finland; Tyoetehoseuran Metsaetiedote

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Miscellaneous
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Jouhiaho, A.; Kouki, J.; Kaerhae, K.; Mutikainen, A.; Oksanen, E.; Seppaenen, A.; Vuorio, K.
Small-scale production and use of wood fuels. Annual report 20072007
Small-scale production and use of wood fuels. Annual report 20072007
AbstractAbstract
[en] The main aim of the project was to improve competitiveness of chopped firewood by producing information that can help to reduce production and distribution costs as well as increase the quality of chopped firewood produced. The aim was to attain the goal through four subprojects: 1. Productivity, Costs and Development Targets of New Firewood Machines, 2. The Artificial Drying and Storage Management of Chopped Firewood, 3. New Logistics Solutions for the Chopped Firewood Production Process, and 4. The Current Situation of the Firewood Trade in Europe. The research project covered an analysis of the productivity of new firewood machines, and the costs and quality of produced chopped firewood. Suggestions were made to firewood machine manufacturers for developing firewood machines. Also, the cost-effectiveness of current chopped firewood production and distribution chains was studied. Field tests were carried out on different types of cold and warm air dryers being used by chopped firewood entrepreneurs. In addition, the suitability of resistance based electronic wood moisture meter for measuring the moisture content of single chopped firewood pieces was also studied. Furthermore, a survey was carried out on the volume of firewood sales and the firewood production equipment available for sale in Europe, and European firewood merchants' methods of operation was studied. (orig.)
Original Title
Pilkkeen tuotantoprosessin hallinta ja kehittaeminen - PUUY30
Primary Subject
Source
Alakangas, E. (ed.) (VTT Processes, Jyvaeskylae (Finland)); Tekes National Technology Agency of Finland, Helsinki (Finland); 230 p; ISBN 978-952-457-368-9;
; 2007; p. 33-42; Available in fulltext at http://www.tekes.fi/julkaisut/Pienpuu_vuosikatsaus_2007.pdf

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AbstractAbstract
[en] The small-scale use of firewood is the second largest source of wood based energy after industrial residues in Finland. Objectives of this project, funded by European Regional Development Fund via Tekes and Finnish companies, were to develop logistic systems for small scale use of wood fuels and produce information and material for advisors and consults. The small-scale use of wood fuels increases constantly and e-commerce of chopped firewood is developing especially in Eastern Finland. Currently, the most severe bottlenecks are in the integration of production and delivery logistics, availability of raw material, as well as in the non-professional way of working. In the project, technological alternatives of supply chains, cost structures as well as constraints and preconditions for the economically sustainable operations were clarified. Project ended with following results: 'Typical features of North-Karelian firewood entrepreneur', identifying wood fuel resources in forest planning, new biomass models for estimating availability of energy wood in young stands, simulation studies about delivery logistics, cost structure of firewood supply chains and feasibility of integrating firewood transport to other transport services. Also education and training materials were produced for advisory organizations, like Finnish forestry centers. (orig.)
Original Title
Metsaehakkeen ja pilkkeiden asiakaslaehtoeinen verkkokauppa ja logistiikka - PUUT34
Primary Subject
Source
Alakangas, E. (ed.) (VTT Processes, Jyvaeskylae (Finland)); Tekes National Technology Agency of Finland, Helsinki (Finland); 230 p; ISBN 978-952-457-368-9;
; 2007; p. 203-210; Available in fulltext at http://www.tekes.fi/julkaisut/Pienpuu_vuosikatsaus_2007.pdf

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Li Jiping; Chen Xi-Long; Wang Yi-Qiang; Tan Yue-Hui; Yan Yong-Lin
Proceedings of the 2. world conference on Pellets2006
Proceedings of the 2. world conference on Pellets2006
AbstractAbstract
[en] Bio-energy is one of the important renewable energies. Among them, wood-pellet fuel can be more easily mass-produced and used in a large scale than others, so it is a desirable substitute for conventional fossil energy. The spreading and application of wood-pellet fuel in China should not simply copy experiences and modes from other countries but analyze the national energy structure and market. This paper analyzed the economic returns on wood-pellet fuel used in different fields, and put forward the market entry points for wood-pellet fuel industries: To gain the best development opportunity and economical effect, the bio-energy could replace the conventional fuels such as coal, gas, and oil in manufacturing, heat supplying, and heating boilers under the current technical situations and policy
Primary Subject
Source
Swedish Bioenergy Association (SVEBIO), Stockholm (Sweden); 312 p; ISBN 91-631-8961-5;
; Jul 2006; p. 131-140; Pellets 2006. 2. world conference on Pellets; Joenkoeping (Sweden); 30 May - 1 Jun 2006; Available from OSTI; Commercial reproduction prohibited; OSTI as DE20812268; PURL: https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/20812247-FXm9jO/

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Report
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Conference
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Tahvanainen, T.; Sikanen, L.
Small-scale production and use of wood fuels. Report of the year 20052005
Small-scale production and use of wood fuels. Report of the year 20052005
AbstractAbstract
[en] The small-scale use of firewood is the second largest source of wood based energy after industrial residues in Finland. Objectives of this project, funded by European Regional Development Fund via Tekes and Finnish companies, were to develop logistic systems for small scale use of wood fuels and produce information and material for advisors and consults. The small-scale use of wood fuels increases constantly and e-commerce of chopped firewood is developing especially in Eastern Finland. Currently, the most severe bottlenecks are in the integration of production and delivery logistics, availability of raw material, as well as in the non-professional way of working. In the project, technological alternatives of supply chains, cost structures as well as constraints and preconditions for the economically sustainable operations were clarified. Project ended with following results: 'Typical features of North-Karelian firewood entrepreneur', identifying wood fuel resources in forest planning, new biomass models for estimating availability of energy wood in young stands, simulation studies about delivery logistics, cost structure of firewood supply chains and feasibility of integrating firewood transport to other transport services. Also education and training materials were produced for advisory organizations, like Finnish forestry centers. (orig.)
Original Title
Metsahakkeen ja pilkkeiden asiakaslahtoeinen verkkokauppa ja logistiikka - PUUT34
Primary Subject
Source
Alakangas, E. (VTT Processes, Jyvaeskylae (Finland)); Tekes National Technology Agency of Finland, Helsinki (Finland); 158 p; ISBN 952-457-216-8;
; 2005; p. 137-144; Available at http://www.tekes.fi/pienkaytto/ in pdf-format

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Karavalakis, George; Stournas, Stamoulis; Bakeas, Evangelos, E-mail: bakeas@chem.uoa.gr2009
AbstractAbstract
[en] In this study, the regulated and unregulated emissions profile and fuel consumption of an automotive diesel and biodiesel blends, prepared from two different biodiesels, were investigated. The biodiesels were a rapeseed methyl ester (RME) and a palm-based methyl ester (PME). The tests were performed on a chassis dynamometer with constant volume sampling (CVS) over the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) and the non-legislated Athens Driving Cycle (ADC), using a Euro 2 compliant passenger vehicle. The objectives were to evaluate the impact of biodiesel chemical structure on the emissions, as well as the influence of the applied driving cycle on the formation of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. The results showed that NOx emissions were influenced by certain biodiesel properties, such as those of cetane number and iodine number. NOx emissions followed a decreasing trend over both cycles, where the most beneficial reduction was obtained with the application of the more saturated biodiesel. PM emissions were decreased with the palm-based biodiesel blends over both cycles, with the exception of the 20% blend which was higher compared to diesel fuel. PME blends led to increases in PM emissions over the ADC. The majority of the biodiesel blends showed a tendency for lower CO and HC emissions. The differences in CO2 emissions were not statistically significant. Fuel consumption presented an increase with both biodiesels. Total PAH and nitro-PAH emission levels were decreased with the use of biodiesel independently of the source material. Lower molecular weight PAHs were predominant in both gaseous and particulate phases. Both biodiesels had a negative impact on certain carbonyl emissions. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were the dominant aldehydes emitted from both fuels.
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S0048-9697(09)00003-5; Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.12.063; Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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Stupak Moeller, Inge
Forests of the Czech Republic, Hradec Kralove (Czech Republic)2005
Forests of the Czech Republic, Hradec Kralove (Czech Republic)2005
AbstractAbstract
[en] The substitution of biomass for fossil fuels in energy consumption is a measure to mitigate global warming, and political action plans at European and national levels exist for an increased use. The use of forest biomass for energy can imply different economic and environmental advantages and disadvantages for the society, the energy sector and forestry. For the achievement of an increased and sustainable use of forest biomass for energy, the EU 5th Framework project WOOD-EN-MAN aimed at synthesising current knowledge and creating new knowledge within the field
Primary Subject
Source
2005; 3 p; RecAsh - International Seminar; Prague (Czech Republic); 8-10 Nov 2005; ISBN 80-86945-10-3;
; Available from: http://www.recash.info/uploads/documents/Sbornik%20-%20final%20version.pdf; 8 refs. (p. 63-65)

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AbstractAbstract
[en] The 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories provide four accounting approaches to harvested wood products (HWP). These differ in the way they define system boundaries. Therefore, reported national carbon emissions differ according to the accounting approach used, and the implications of each accounting approach differ for different countries. This paper investigates four IPCC accounting approaches, as well as the 1996 IPCC default approach, to determine whether they provide incentives to achievement of major policy goals related to climate, forest, trade, and waste, taking into account indirect effects of wood use change (i.e., the effects on forest carbon stocks and on carbon emissions from the use of other fuels and materials). Conclusions are as follows: (1) The analyses produced many different results from those of previous studies. These differences appear to be attributable to whether or not the indirect effects of wood use change are taken into account and the reference scenarios that are assumed; (2) The best approaches for achieving each policy goal differ, and the best approaches for particular policy goals might pose problems for other policy goals; (3) Overall, the IPCC default approach is the best accounting approach from the viewpoint of greater compatibility with, or integration across, the array of policy goals, although it does not address the issue of an increasing global carbon stock in HWP
Primary Subject
Source
S1462-9011(08)00092-0; Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2008.08.002; Copyright (c) 2008 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Environmental Science and Policy; ISSN 1462-9011;
; v. 11(8); p. 756-771

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