[en] A charged particle accelerator is disclosed which employs a recirculating inert gas both as an irradiation chamber medium and as a coolant for the metallic foil at the opening of the irradiation window. The inert gas is supplied from a recirculator via a pipe arrangement connected, respectively, to a coolant port adjacent the metallic foil at the irradiation window and to an inlet port provided at one section of the irradiation chamber. The inert gas effectively cools the metallic foil and does not chemically react with the charged particles to produce ozone and oxygen as unwanted reaction products which reduce irradiation efficiency and oxidize the metallic foil. (Owens, K. J.)

[en] An underground circumference for disposal of radioactive wastes is simulated accurately in the present invention by adjusting the concentration of gaseous carbon dioxide to a predetermined value. The concentration of gaseous carbon dioxide is measured while removing oxygen by an oxygen/hydrogen reactor, and the gaseous carbon dioxide is supplied so as to keep the gas concentration to a predetermined value. Then the concentration of gaseous carbon dioxide can be adjusted to a low level. Accordingly, underground circumstance of various conditions can be simulated accurately. (I.S.)

[en] Thermal insulation material is described for use in a liquid metal environment. Welded stainless steel sheets are sometimes used, defining a number of individual closed gas filled pockets. Whilst this provides a very effective thermal insulation it has been suggested that the integrity of the extensive seam welding may be difficult to prove. In the arrangement described the wall surface of the reactor is clad with thermal insulation material comprising a number of spaced superposed metal membranes arranged substantially parallel to one another and to the wall surface. The membranes define discrete compartments, and a row of closed metal tubes is located within each compartment. In use the membranes discrete layers of substantially static liquid, which reduces heat transfer by convection, whilst the tubes form a series of pockets that may be charged with an inert gas under pressure, or may be evacuated, thereby reducing heat transfer by conduction. The membranes are preferably vertically corrugated, each corrugated accommodating a single tube. This reduces thickness and gives increased rigidity. The tubes may be end closed by welded plugs, and they provide high integrity pockets capable of withstanding the pressure of the liquid metal coolant and strains imposed by thermal cycling of the coolant. (U.K.)

[en] This invention relates to apparatus for the continuous in-line irradiation treatment of the surface of a moving coated product and more particularly to such apparatus for irradiating the surface of a moving coated product in a substantially inert atmosphere. (author)

[en] A method and apparatus are provided for preparing a composite structure consisting of filamentary material within a metal matrix. The method is practiced by the steps of confining the metal for forming the matrix in a first chamber, heating the confined metal to a temperature adequate to effect melting thereof, introducing a stream of inert gas into the chamber for pressurizing the atmosphere in the chamber to a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure, confining the filamentary material in a second chamber, heating the confined filamentary material to a temperature less than the melting temperature of the metal, evacuating the second chamber to provide an atmosphere therein at a pressure, placing the second chamber in registry with the first chamber to provide for the forced flow of the molten metal into the second chamber to effect infiltration of the filamentary material with the molten metal, and thereafter cooling the metal infiltrated-filamentary material to form said composite structure

[en] The description is given of a device for the thermal protection of the upper shield closing a reactor vessel with respect to a hot gaseous medium topping the primary fluid of the vessel, passages being provided in the upper shield and the walls of the latter in contact with the gaseous medium being covered with a metal plate, called shield edging. The device includes a relatively thin metal ring plate which, placed horizontally under the upper shield, is provided with orifices facing the passages and marks with the edging plate of the upper shield closed spaces confining an inert gas. The internal edge of the plate and the free edges bounded in the latter by the orifices are connected to the edging plate of the upper shield through a sealing ring and the outer edge of the plate is joined by large radius connections to the edging plate of the upper shield

No abstract available

[en] A survey is given of the manufacture, structure, dimensions, properties and applications of various sorts of carbon and graphite felts and a new combined material with interesting properties is introduced. (orig.)

[en] A new technique for containerless heating, melting, superheating, cooling, supercooling, and solidification of ceramic and glass materials will be described. The new technology has been developed for containerless processing of poorly conducting liquid materials which cannot be handled by conventional electromagnetic levitation methods. Applications of the device will be illustrated by examples of high temperature processing experiments on a variety of ceramic materials. The effects of long and short liquid phase processing cycles in gaseous atmospheres will also be discussed

[en] This invention provides a calibration unit for generating known concentrations of an oxidizing or a reducing gas in an inert carrier gas. The gas-generating electrode is sandwiched between an ion-exchange membrane and a porous diffusion membrane for minimizing the liquid layer thickness around the electrode and for regularizing the rate of diffusion of the gas generated. The present invention is especially useful for calibrating gas sensors which detect, measure, and monitor the concentration of a gas in the atmosphere, and for providing an accurate low concentration of gas for use wherever desired