[en] Dried marine products showed some higher microbial contaminations than dried agricultural products and the load of microorganisms was different depending on the kind of samples. In comparative effects of radiation and ethylene oxide (E.O) fumigation, total aerobic and acid tolerant bacteria were reduced by 2 to 3 log orders by gamma irradiation at 3 to 5 KGy. The sterilizing doses for coliforms, fungi and total bacterial count were shown to be 5 KGy, 5 to 7 KGy, and 7 tp 10 KGy, respectively. D values of total bacterial count in dried agricultural and marine products ranged from 0.80 to 3.99 KGy. In the meantime, E.O. treatment proved insufficient to reduce the microbial load of highly contaminated samples below the 10 per gram of the international hygienic standard, especially in total aerobic bacteria, thermophiles and gun fungi. An optimum dose of irradiation had little detrimental effect on the chemical components of the sample, but E.O. treatment brought about a significant reduction especially in amino acid and ascorbic acid contents. The values of thiobarbituric acid(TBA), PH and trimethyleamine(TMA), as quality parameters, were more stable during the storage period in the irradiated groups than the control and E.O. treatment caused changes in color, leading to deterioration of overall appearance of the samples. Sensory evaluation after three months of storage at room temperatures indicated that the irradiated samples with doses of 5 to 10 KGy were more acceptable in the overall flavor and appearance of each product than the nontreated control group as well as the E.O. fumigated samples

[en] The conference was organized to evaluate the application directions of radiation technology in Vietnam and to utilize the Irradiation Centre in Hanoi with the Co-60 source of 110 kCi. The investigation and study of technico-economic feasibility for technology development to various items of food and non-food objects was reported. (N.H.A)

[en] The Polish regulations connected with trade turnover of cosmetics have been described and discussed. The contamination by microbial flora is very limited and regulated in suitable Polish norm. The possibility of application of radiation technique for pasteurization of different kinds of cosmetics has been discussed. 9 refs, 7 tabs

[en] The present project was intended to ascertain the efficacy of irradiation both in the decontamination and storeability of mixed condiments for convenience food and in the long-term preservation of a Kimchi. Based upon the preliminary studies, irradiated sample with doses at 1-3 kGy were evaluated during the storage for 30 days at 10 deg C from the points of view of microbiological (total aerobic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and molds, and coliforms), physicochemical (pH, total acidity, volatile acid, reducing sugar, ascorbic acid, and texture) and organoleptic qualities. Besides, the combined effect of irradiation with heating on the storeability was investigated for five species of the lactic acid bacteria associated with the Kimchi fermentation. Under the room temperature storage conditions, physicochemical qualities of the irradiated samples were evaluated by determining pH, rancidity (TBA number), proximate composition, amino nitrogen, amino acid, and color changes. In the overall evaluation of sensory quality for the irradiated Kimchi, the nonirradiated control group was inedible after 15 days of storage, whereas 2-3 kGy irradiation could prolong the storage-life of the Kimchi over 2 times compared with the nonirradiated control, showing the good sensory quality even after 30 days of storage. In comparative effects of irradiation and ethylene oxide both treatments affected more or less rancidity, color, and amino acid content, but less than 10 kGy irradiation was shown to be safer than ethylene oxide fumigation. Form the foregoing results, it can be concluded that if a selective method could be applied to the radiation sterilization of minor ingredients capable of mainly contaminating the mixed condiments, even lower doses of irradiation should be effective for the microbial control. (Author)

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] Interest in the process of food irradiation is reviewed once again internationally. Although food irradiation has been thoroughly investigated, global acceptance is still lacking. Factors which impede the progress of the technology are discussed here. (author)

No abstract available

[en] Irradiation is a physical process for treating food and as such it is comparable to other processing techniques such as heating or freezing foods for preservation. The energy level used in food irradiation is always below that producing radioactivity in the treated food, hence this aspect can be totally excluded in wholesomeness evaluations. Water is readily ionized and may be the primary source of ionization in foods with secondary effects on other molecules, possibly more a result of water ionization than of direct hits. In the presence of oxygen, highly reactive compounds may be produced, such as H, H₃0+ and H₂O₂. Radiation at the energy flux levels used for food (<2 MeV) does not induce radioactivity. Food irradiation applications are already technically and economically feasible and that food so treated is suitable for consumption. Food irradiation techniques can play an important role for an improved preservation, storage and distribution of food products. (author)

No abstract available

[en] Research and development in the past 30 years have clearly demonstrated that food irradiation is a safe, effective and environmentally clean process of food preservation. Twenty-seven countries have approved over 40 irradiated foods or groups of related food items for human consumption, either on an unconditional or a restricted basis. The technology is beginning to play an important role in reducing post-harvest losses of food in facilitating wider distribution of food in the trade. Its wide application in solving microbial spoilage loss of food, insect disinfestation, improving hygenic qualities, slowing down physiological processes of foods is reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on applications of direct relevance to countries in Asia and the Pacific region. (author)