[en] Gears are some of the most important elements used in machinery. Their purpose is to transmit motion and torque from one shaft to another. When shafts intersect, bevel gears provide the most efficient mean of transmitting power. There are two main forms of bevel gears, straight bevel gears and spiral bevel gears. This paper is the first of a sequence of papers concerning design and manufacturing of spiral bevel gears using computer numerical control (CNC) milling machines. It is an introduction to their designing features, showing the standards that recommend the geometrical dimensions of gear tooth and a theoretical approach to the traditionally used cutting methods of spiral gears, Gleason, Oerlikon and Klingelnberg methods. Finally, it is presented five-axis machining tools that can be used for cutting of spiral bevel gears. (paper)

No abstract available

[en] An arrangement for grinding seating faces of the lower grid is described. Work is carried out under water in the spent fuel storage pool. The invention is aimed at avoiding hindrance of other work and thus time wasting during the reactor inspection period and at observing radiation protection requirements

[en] In any Engineering workshop Cutting and Drilling operations are common phenomenon. For this purpose a dedicated Hack saw can be used for cutting operation and a Drilling machine can be used for making a hole. In this paper we are highlighting a low cost special purpose machine for combining these two operations with a Single Motor. In this machine we are used Scotch Yoke mechanism which converts linear motion of a slider in to rotational motion and vice versa with bevel gear power transmission. This machine is designed, fabricated in our workshop, tested and has given satisfactory results. (paper)

[en] Laser Assisted Electrochemical Machining (LAECM) has proven its advantages and applications over almost all the range of conductive materials. It offers its adroitness to generate simple shapes to complex shapes from macro to micro machining. Laser assisted ECM is a hybrid approach of machining which has been manifested to obtain improved results in terms of surface integrity, thermal damage, geometrical tolerance and material removal rate. Laser assisted Electrochemical Machining (LAECM) is a hybrid machining process in which laser enhances the electrochemical dissolution process by increasing the temperature and hence the current density of the electrolyte. Laser helps to remove material from the particular machining zone and stray machining effect is reduced and thus improves the precision and efficiency of LAECM, also productivity. New route of laser assisted hybrid machining processes has been built in the past decade by few of the researchers to reduce the intrinsic problems of ECM. This paper reviews on the investigation into LAECM process. The article also highlights various possibilities and applications of LAECM process. There are various challenges in LAECM process which have been also discussed in this paper. (paper)

[en] The demand and use of precision grinding of structural ceramics continue to increase as the worldwide advanced ceramic industry surpasses $20 billion is sales. Included in this industry are engineering structural ceramics, electronic ceramics, bioceramics and others. These materials are used in applications such as engine components, casting and extrusion dies, bearings, medical implants, nozzles, thermal insulators, and more. Along with the variety of ceramic applications comes a broad range of precision requirements, which in turn leads to various required processes to accommodate a spectrum of specifications. A process for grinding ceramic components to micrometer tolerances was employed and further developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for two separate grinding projects

No abstract available

[en] In different industries a lot high-precision parts are produced from hard-processed scarce materials. Forming such details can only be acting during non-contact processing, or a minimum of effort, and doable by the use, for example, of electro-chemical processing. At the present stage of development of metal working processes are important management issues electrochemical machining and its automation. This article provides some indicators and factors of electrochemical machining process. (paper)

No abstract available

[en] This paper presents an experimental observation on rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) of BK7 optical glass rod. BK7 is a common technical optical glass for high quality optical components due to its high linear optical transmission in the visible range and is chemically stable. RUM is a hybrid machining process that combines the material removal mechanisms of diamond grinding and ultrasonic machining (USM) and it is non-thermal, non-chemical, creates no change in the microstructure, chemical or physical properties of the work piece. In the RUM, a controlled static load is applied to the rotating core drill with metal bonded diamond abrasive and is ultrasonically vibrated in the axial direction. A water-soluble coolant was used to cool the tool and sample during machining processes. By using DOE (Design of Experiment) approach, the effect of spindle speed and feed rate to the ultrasonic machinability had been developed. The main effects and two-factor interactions of process parameters (spindle speed) and feed rate) on output variables (MRR, surface roughness, opaqueness, chipping thickness and chipping size) are studied. (author)