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Aladiev, I.T.; Dzhamardzhashvili, V.A.
Gosudarstvennyj Nauchno-Issledovatel'skij Ehnergeticheskij Inst., Moscow (USSR)1981
Gosudarstvennyj Nauchno-Issledovatel'skij Ehnergeticheskij Inst., Moscow (USSR)1981
AbstractAbstract
[en] This invention relates to the generation of electrical energy by direct conversion from thermal or electrical energy and notably to liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic convertors. The convertor described in this invention can be successfully used as a source of electrical energy for space vessels, for underwater vessels, for aeronautics and for the generation of electrical energy in thermal or atomic power plants. This liquid metal convertor consists of a heat source, a two phase nozzle, a separator, a steam diffuser and a condenser. These elements are connected together hydraulically in series. The condenser is connected hydraulically to a heat source, a liquid diffuser and a magnetohydrodynamic generator. These elements are interconnected hydraulically to the separator and heat source
[fr]
L'invention concerne le domaine de la production d'energie electrique par conversion directe de l'energie thermique en energie electrique, et notamment les convertisseurs magnetohydrodynamiques a metal liquide. Le convertisseur faisant l'objet de l'invention peut etre utilise avec succes en tant que source d'energie electrique dans les engins spatiaux, dans les engins sous-marins, dans l'aeronautique et pour la production d'energie electrique dans les centrales thermiques et atomiques. Ce convertisseur magnetohydrodynamique a metal liquide comprend une source de chaleur, une tuyere a deux phases, un separateur, un diffuseur de vapeur et un condenseur relies entre eux hydrauliquement et montes en serie. Le condenseur est raccorde hydrauliquement a la source de chaleur, ainsi que le diffuseur de liquide et le generateur magnetohydrodynamique relies hydrauliquement entre eux, au separateur et a la source de chaleurOriginal Title
Convertisseur magnetohydrodynamique a metal liquide
Primary Subject
Source
30 Apr 1981; 10 p; FR PATENT DOCUMENT 2468247/A/; Available from Institut National de la Propriete Industrielle, Paris (France)
Record Type
Patent
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Aladiev, I.T.; Dzamardsasvili, V.A.
Gosudarstvennyj Nauchno-Issledovatel'skij Ehnergeticheskij Inst., Moscow (USSR); Gruzinskij Nauchno-Issledovatetel'skij Inst. Ehnergetiki i Gidrotechnicheskij Sooruchenij, Tbilisi (USSR)1981
Gosudarstvennyj Nauchno-Issledovatel'skij Ehnergeticheskij Inst., Moscow (USSR); Gruzinskij Nauchno-Issledovatetel'skij Inst. Ehnergetiki i Gidrotechnicheskij Sooruchenij, Tbilisi (USSR)1981
AbstractAbstract
[en] The magneto-hydrodynamic converter with liquid metal contains a source of heat, a two phase nozzle, a separator, a liquid diffuser, a liquid metal cooler, a magneto-hydrodynamic generator and means for heating and compressing a liquid coming from the cooler, which are hydraulically connected and in sequence, and which form a closed circuit. A diffuser and a condenser which are hydraulically connected together, are connected between the separator and the means for heating and compressing the liquid metal coming from the cooler. The magneto-hydrodynamic converter with liquid metal can be used to genrate electricity in thermal and nuclear powerstations. (orig.)
[de]
Der magnetohydrodynamische Wandler mit fluessigem Metall enthaelt eine Waermequelle, eine Zweiphasenduese, einen Separator, einen Fluessigkeitsdiffusor, einen Fluessigmetallkuehler, eine magnetohydrodynamischen Generator und ein Mittel zum Erwaermen und Einpressen einer vom Kuehler kommenden Fluessigkeit, die miteinander hydraulisch verbunden und hintereinander angeordnet sind, wodurch ein geschlossener Kreis gebildet wird. Zwischen dem Separator und das Mittel zum Erwaermen und Einspressen des vom Kuehler kommenden fluessigen Metalls sind ein Diffusor bzw. ein Kondensator angeschlossen, die hydraulisch miteinander verbunden sind. Der magnetohydrodynamische Wandler mit fluessigem Metall kann zur Elektroenergieerzeugung in Waerme- und Atomkraftwerken ausgenutzt werden. (orig.)Original Title
Magnetohydrodynamischer Wandler mit fluessigem Metall
Primary Subject
Source
9 Apr 1981; 24 Sep 1979; 15 p; DE PATENT DOCUMENT 2938594/A/; ?: 24 Sep 1979
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Patent
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AbstractAbstract
[en] Magneto-hydrodynamic generators with liquid metals offer the advantages of high output density and lower working temperatures due to the great electric conductivity of these fluids. On the other hand, it is on principle difficult to accelerate a liquid in a cycle process by adding thermal energy. Based on general thermodynamic considerations, minimum values are deducted for the degrees of reversibility of the cycle processes for liquid-metal MHD systems which may serve as topping stages for conventional power stations. It shows that there are no prospects for applying liquid-metal MHD generators for this purpose. This is also proved by the efficiency calculations for the unary condensation process, if a realistic assessment of the quality grades of the various plant components is carried out. (orig.)
[de]
Magneto-hydrodynamische Wandler mit fluessigen Metallen bieten wegen der grossen elektrischen Leitfaehigkeit dieser Fluide den Vorteil hoher Leistungsdichte und niedriger Arbeitstemperaturen. Andererseits ist es grundsaetzlich schwierig eine Fluessigkeit in einem Kreisprozess durch Zufuhr thermischer Energie zu beschleunigen. Aufgrund allgemeiner thermodynamischer Ueberlegungen werden Mindestwerte fuer die Reversibilitaetsgrade der Kreisprozesse von Fluessigmetall-MHD-Systemen hergeleitet, die als Vorschaltstufen konventioneller Kraftwerke dienen koennen. Danach ist es aussichtslos, Fluessigmetall-MHD-Wandler zu diesem Zweck einzusetzen. Dies zeigen auch die Wirkungsgradberechnungen fuer den Einstoff-Kondensationsprozess, wenn man eine realistische Abschaetzung der Guetegrade der einzelnen Anlagenkomponenten vornimmt. (orig.)Original Title
Zur Thermodynamik der Fluessigmetall-MHD-Wandler
Primary Subject
Source
Thermodynamic-colloquium of the VDI-Gesellschaft energy technic; Karlsruhe, Germany, F.R; 6 Oct 1975; 12 figs.; 1 tab.; 13 refs.
Record Type
Journal Article
Literature Type
Conference
Journal
Brennstoff-Waerme-Kraft; v. 28(9); p. 451-456
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Djamali-Schahni, D.
Technische Univ. Berlin (Germany, F.R.). Sonderforschungsbereich Magnetohydrodynamik1976
Technische Univ. Berlin (Germany, F.R.). Sonderforschungsbereich Magnetohydrodynamik1976
AbstractAbstract
[en] About the characteristic noises occuring in liquid metal-MHD-converters no publication has yet been made. In this study it is tried to give a preliminary description of the development of these noises. The essential causes besides magnetostriction and turbulent-laminar transition of the flow are explained in the following phenomena: With increasing magnetic field, the formation of the flow is more rapid at definite positions in the channel. In this report the changes of profiles due to the effects of finite length are not considered. (orig.)
[de]
In Fluessigmetall-MHD-Wandlern treten charakteristische Geraeusche auf, ueber die bislang keine Veroeffentlichung vorliegt. In diesem Bericht wird ein Versuch unternommen, diese Geraeuschentwicklung einer vorlaeufigen Untersuchung zu unterziehen. Als eine der wesentlichsten Ursachen muss neben der Magnetostriktion und dem turbulent-laminaren Umschlag der Stroemung folgendes Phaenomen genannt werden: Mit der Zunahme des Magnetfeldes bildet sich die Stroemung an bestimmten Stellen des Kanals schneller aus als im uebrigen Kanal. Bei dieser Untersuchung werden Profilumbildungen infolge der Laengsendeffekte nicht beruecksichtigt. (orig.)Original Title
Beitrag zur Erklaerung der Geraeusche in den MHD-Wandlern
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Source
Jun 1976; 8 p; Available from ZAED; 6 figs.; 2 refs.
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Report
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The quetion of the effect of a liquid layer on the walls of an MHD channel in the case of uniform void fraction distribution in the flow core was first considered several years ago. More recently an analytic solution for high Hartmann numbers was obtained, which led to the conclusion that this layer does not have a significant effect on the efficiency of large generators. This paper postulates an analytic model which makes it possible to estimate the effect of a void fraction nonuniformity, in the presence of the wetting layer on the walls, on the generator performance. 3 refs
Primary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Journal of Energy; ISSN 0146-0412;
; v. 5(1); p. 5-6

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AbstractAbstract
[en] Recently 2010, and 2011, two new Medical Linacs, Truebeam STx (Varian Medical Systems, (VMS), USA) were installed in our institution. Among the x-rays beams we can find the flattening filter free, (FFF), an x-rays beam, with the flattening filter removed or shortly unflattened x-rays beams. Their energies: 6xFFF and lOxFFF are distinct from that of ''regular'' or flattening filtered (FF). They are called by VMS, as high intensity beam. A special electron optics was developed for this purpose, and the dose rate achieved for example for the lOxFFF is 400% higher of that of a 10MV x-rays beam (24 Gy/min, against 6 Gy/min). This lead to some parameters differences, like the IAEA-TRS-398 ksat>1.0% found by us and other authors, and some new or different approaches to explain the dosimetric new finds will be discussed: 1- How to determine if the beam is symmetric; 2-ion chamber ksat>1.0%, 3-Have the current RTPs photons model tack into account the high dose rate and the beam shape; 4-Does the linacs model really need the FF?
Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Source
Nuclear Societies in Israel (Israel); Ben Gurion University of the Negev (Israel); Nuclear Research Center Negev (Israel); Rambam Medical Center (Israel); Soreq Nuclear Research Center (Israel); 355 p; Apr 2016; 1 p; 28. conference of the Nuclear Societies in Israel; Tel Aviv (Israel); 12-14 Apr 2016
Record Type
Miscellaneous
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Conference
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AbstractAbstract
[en] A liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic converter is described that is comprised of such hydraulically interconnected components as a heat source, a two-phase nozzle, a separator, a liquid diffuser, a liquid metal cooler, a magnetohydrodynamic generator and a means for heating and delivering liquid metal supplied from the cooler, all of said components being arranged successively so as to form a loop. A steam diffuser and a condenser are interconnected and hydraulically coupled to the separator and the means for heating and delivering liquid metal supplied from the cooler, respectively
Original Title
Patent
Primary Subject
Source
1 Sep 1981; v p; US PATENT DOCUMENT 4,287,443/A/; U.S. Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D.C. 20231, USA, $.50
Record Type
Patent
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Lenzo, C.S.; Dauzvardis, P.V.; Hantman, R.G.
Argonne National Lab., Ill. (USA)1978
Argonne National Lab., Ill. (USA)1978
AbstractAbstract
[en] For the past several years, Argonne National Laboratory has been active in the development of closed-cycle two-phase-flow MHD power systems. One of the key components in such systems is an effective and efficient gas-liquid separator-diffuser. On the basis of an assessment of present technology, it was decided to study the characteristics of a rotating drum type of separator, and a multitask research and development program was initiated within the overall liquid-metal MHD research program. The first task, now completed, centered on the investigation of single-phase flow (liquid) deposited by a flow nozzle on the inner surface of freely-rotating cylinders or drums of 423 mm and 282 mm diam. The tests were designed to study the recovery of energy in the liquid layer deposited on the drum; the torque transmitted to the drum by the liquid as the result of shear stress between the liquid and the drum surface; the characteristics of the liquid layer; and the effects of drum size, nozzle shape and orientation, and nozzle velocity. The test results showed that a stable liquid film was formed on the drum and that the kinetic energy of the liquid layer was high enough to be potentially useful in two-phase-flow MHD power systems
Primary Subject
Source
1978; 7 p; 17. symposium on engineering aspects of MHD; Stanford, CA, USA; 27 - 29 Mar 1978; Available from NTIS., PC A02/MF A01
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Report
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Conference
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Satyamuthy, P.; Thiyagarajan, T.K.
The seventh international Beer Sheva seminar on MHD flows and turbulence1993
The seventh international Beer Sheva seminar on MHD flows and turbulence1993
AbstractAbstract
[en] Short communication
Primary Subject
Source
Anon; 168 p; Feb 1993; p. 115-117; 7. international Beer Sheva seminar on MHD flows and turbulence; Jerusalem (Israel); 14-18 Feb 1993
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Miscellaneous
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Conference
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AbstractAbstract
[en] An MHD generator is proposed for direct thermal-to-electric energy conversion. Hot liquid metal is injected into a compressed gas, thus rapidly increasing gas temperature and pressure. The gas expands and imparts the metal kinetic energy which is converted to electric energy. Cold liquid metal is then injected into the expanded gas, which rapidly reduces gas temperature and pressure. This highly increases the efficiency of converting thermal energy to electric energy. (M.S.)
Original Title
Zpusob prime premeny tepelne energie na energii elektrickou v magnetohydrodynamickem generatoru s plynem a tekutym kovem
Primary Subject
Source
15 Jul 1978; 3 p; CS PATENT DOCUMENT 173383/B/; Available from Ustredni knihovna patentove literatury, Prague, Czechoslovakia
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Patent
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