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AbstractAbstract
[en] The role that climatic change may play in altering various components of the hydrologic cycle in Arctic regions is discussed. The hydrologic setting of these regions is first described, noting the importance of subsurface freezing and thawing on hydrologic pathways and the lack of incorporation of soil freezing and thawing into climate models. Major processes of interest in the relation between climate change and hydrology are the timing and magnitude of fluxes entering and leaving a basin: precipitation, evaporation and transpiration, and runoff. The active layer of the soil could be drastically increased by only a few degrees of surface warming. The natural hydrologic cycle has considerable yearly variation, tending to mask any hydrologic changes caused by climatic change. There are too many unknowns at present for an adequate prediction of the impact of climate change on the hydrologic cycle. The biggest uncertainty is how the timing and quantity of precipitation is going to change. This quantity could be altered by any major changes in vegetation, which would be closely related to the amount of warming. In hydrologic scenarios where air temperature rises 4 degree C over 50 y, under stable, high, and low precipitation conditions, there are no significant changes in hydrologic response. 24 refs., 6 figs
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Source
Waterloo Univ., ON (Canada). Dept. of Geography; Dept. of Geography publication series, Occasional paper No. 16; 276 p; ISBN 0-921083-47-5;
; 1993; p. 55-67; 5. biennial meeting on northern climate; Whitehorse (Canada); 12-14 May 1992; 4. joint United States-Canada regional climate symposium; Whitehorse (Canada); 12-14 May 1992; Available from University of Waterloo, Teaching Resource Office, Waterloo, ON, CAN N2L 3G1 $25.00 CAN

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AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
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Seismic discrimination meeting; Cambridge, Mass., USA; 19 Jan 1972
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Journal Article
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Conference
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Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society; v. 31(1-3); p. 111-130
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Woo Mingko; Rouse, W.R.; Young, K.L.; Lewkowicz, A.G.
Impacts of climate change on resource management in the north1993
Impacts of climate change on resource management in the north1993
AbstractAbstract
[en] Human-induced climate warming is believed to be imminent, although its exact magnitude is uncertain. Such a warming will have a dramatic effect on permafrost, which underlies about half of Canada's land mass. Adaptation of the land to climatic warming will include diminution of permafrost both in lateral and vertical extent, with concomitant responses in the landscape such as development of thermokarst, slides and slumping in hilly terrain, and altering of hydrologic regimes. Since northern development has relied on special techniques that preserve permafrost to ensure foundation stability, climatic warming will demand adjustment in engineering designs for new facilities and alteration of maintenance procedures for existing facilities. Recommendations are presented for future research, both on permafrost and its linkages to climatic and other environmental factors, and on risk analyses of engineering projects
Primary Subject
Source
Waterloo Univ., ON (Canada). Dept. of Geography; Dept. of Geography publication series, Occasional paper No. 16; 276 p; ISBN 0-921083-47-5;
; 1993; p. 51-54; 5. biennial meeting on northern climate; Whitehorse (Canada); 12-14 May 1992; 4. joint United States-Canada regional climate symposium; Whitehorse (Canada); 12-14 May 1992; Available from University of Waterloo, Teaching Resource Office, Waterloo, ON, CAN N2L 3G1 $25.00 CAN

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Stewart, R.E.; Lin, C.A.
International conference on the role of the polar regions in global change: Proceedings. Volume 11991
International conference on the role of the polar regions in global change: Proceedings. Volume 11991
AbstractAbstract
[en] Atmospheric soundings reveal that isothermal layers at temperatures near -40C sometimes occur at high latitudes. In the absence of sufficient ice nuclei, supercooled water frozen by homogeneous freezing would act to produce such layers. The formation of such layers by homogeneous freezing should furthermore result in significant dynamic responses in the atmosphere
Primary Subject
Source
Weller, G.; Wilson, C.L.; Severin, B.A.B. (eds.); Alaska Univ., Fairbanks, AK (United States); 362 p; Dec 1991; p. 227-230; International conference on the role of polar regions in global change; Fairbanks, AK (United States); 11-15 Jun 1990; OSTI as DE92013652; INIS; NTIS; GPO
Record Type
Report
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Muenzenberg-St Denis, A.
Bonn Univ. (Germany). Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultaet1994
Bonn Univ. (Germany). Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultaet1994
AbstractAbstract
[en] Satellite observations show a remarkably frequent occurence of Antarctic mesocyclones in the eastern Weddell Sea close to the British station Halley in the Antarctic summer. With a quasilinear stability analysis, the dynamic features which are believed to be responsible for the mesocyclone formation have been investigated in a conceptual way. For this purpose a model package has been developed and tested consisting of a nonlinear adiabatic and hydrostatic model, which was extended from two to three dimensions. Furthermore, the package includes an algorithm which allows the model to produce linear results. The algorithm is designed to keep the disturbance values of the prognostic field variables under certain small threshold values and therefore forces the nonlinear terms to be negligible. The calculation of the most unstable solution/mode follows the concept of the time integration method introduced by Brown (1969). For the definition of the basic flows on which the instability analyses have been performed, the dynamic components were formulated as idealized fields. The studies have focussed on the two dynamic components called the 'baroclinic shear zone' and the 'katabatic flow/convergence zone'
Original Title
Quasilineare Instabilitaetsanalyse und ihre Anwendung auf die Strukturaufklaerung von Mesozyklonen im oestlichen Weddellmeergebiet
Primary Subject
Source
Bonner Meteorologische Abhandlungen; v. 43; 1994; 131 p; Duemmler; Bonn (Germany); ISBN 3-427-76031-6;
; ISSN 0006-7156;
; CODEN BOMAB2; Diss. (Dr.rer.nat.).


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Book
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Thesis/Dissertation
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Berg, J.S.
Polartech '92: International conference on development and commercial utilization of technologies in polar regions1993
Polartech '92: International conference on development and commercial utilization of technologies in polar regions1993
AbstractAbstract
[en] There is a need for increased development in Arctic regions for obtaining resources such as hydrocarbons and ores. Development of these resources in remote areas requires suitable transportation routes and proper attention to the environmental sensitivity of northern lands. Developing a transport route must take into account such matters as resource location, economic feasibility, type of material to be transported, length of time the route will be needed, the interest of the route to tourism, and the effect of transport on the environment. Design, construction, and maintenance of the transport route requires collection of reliable data and conformity to specifications relevant to the region concerned. Construction and maintenance in northern areas is affected by such complicated and costly factors as the short construction season, long distances for transportation of both equipment and workers, presence of permafrost, and low winter temperatures. 6 figs
Primary Subject
Source
McGill Univ., Montreal, PQ (Canada). Centre for Northern Studies and Research; 745 p; ISBN 0-7717-0274-4;
; 1993; p. 591-604; International conference on development and commercial utilization of technologies in polar regions: Polartech '92; Montreal (Canada); 22-25 Jan 1992; Available from Polartech '92 Conference Secretariat, Centre for Northern Studies and Research, McGill University, Burnside Hall, 805 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, PQ, CAN H3A 2K6 $53.50 CAN

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Agnew, T.A.; Headley, A.
Growth and environment: Challenging extreme frontiers. IDEEA two: Conference proceedings1994
Growth and environment: Challenging extreme frontiers. IDEEA two: Conference proceedings1994
AbstractAbstract
[en] The amplification of climatic warming in the Arctic and the sensitivity of physical, biological, and human systems to changes in climate make the Arctic particularly vulnerable to climate changes. Large areas of the Arctic permafrost and sea ice are expected to disappear under climate warming and these changes will have considerable impacts on the natural and built environment of the north. A review is presented of some recent studies on what these impacts could be for the permafrost and sea ice environment and to identify linkages with socioeconomic activities. Terrestrial adaptation to climate change will include increases in ground temperature; melting of permafrost with consequences such as frost heave, mudslides, and substantial settlement; rotting of peat contained in permafrost areas, with subsequent emission of CO2; increased risk of forest fire; and flooding of low-lying areas. With regard to the manmade environment, structures that will be affected include buildings, pipelines, highways, airports, mines, and railways. In marine areas, climate change will increase the ice-free period for marine transport operations and thus provide some benefit to the offshore petroleum industry. This benefit will be offset by increased wave height and period, and increased coastal erosion. The offshore industry needs to be particularly concerned with these impacts since the expected design life of industry facilities (30-60 y) is of the same order as the time frame for possible climatic changes. 18 refs., 5 figs
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Secondary Subject
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McGill Univ., Montreal, PQ (Canada). Centre for Northern Studies and Research; 691 p; ISBN 0-771-70267-1;
; 1994; p. 534-544; Growth and environment: Challenging extreme frontiers; Montreal (Canada); 24-27 Oct 1993; Available from Centre Northern Studies ampersand Rsrch, McGill University, Burnside Hall, 805 Sherbrooke St W, Montreal, PQ, CAN H3A 2K6 PRICES UPON REQUEST

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AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
Original Title
Instantaneous position
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Journal Article
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research; v. 78(19); p. 3857-3864
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AbstractAbstract
[en] With the appetite for living and dead natural resources, the political and economical interest concerning the Antarctic increases throughout the world. There are three interrelated main subjects accounting for the international interest: The shelf tectonic puzzle of the original continent of Gondwana, where the Antarctic is situated in the centre, between Australia, South Africa and South America, and the hopes concerning the existence of mineral resources under the ice of the Antarctic are based thereon. The Antarctic forms the biggest unified living space of the world. (orig.)
Original Title
Antarktisforschung heute
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Journal Article
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Umschau; ISSN 0372-4409;
; v. 82(22); p. 670-672

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AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
Primary Subject
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Congress on climate change: Global risks, challenges and decisions; Copenhagen (Denmark); 10-12 Mar 2009; Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1307/6/8/082005; Abstract only; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (EES); ISSN 1755-1315;
; v. 6(8); [2 p.]

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