[en] The Combustion Corridor is a concept in which researchers in combustion and thermal sciences have unimpeded access to large volumes of remote computational results. This will enable remote, collaborative analysis and visualization of state-of-the-art combustion science results. The Engine Research Center (ERC) at the University of Wisconsin - Madison partnered with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratory, and several other universities to build and test the first stages of a combustion corridor. The ERC served two important functions in this partnership. First, we work extensively with combustion simulations so we were able to provide real world research data sets for testing the Corridor concepts. Second, the ERC was part of an extension of the high bandwidth based DOE National Laboratory connections to universities

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[en] A study was conducted at the Alberta Research Council aimed at developing equations to obtain the combustion efficiencies of solution gas flaring. Flaring of waste gas is commonly practiced by the petroleum industry in Alberta. Flaring rarely reaches complete combustion because air entrainment restricts flame sizes to less than optimum values. Equations were used to estimate flame lengths, areas and volumes of functions of flare stack exit velocity, stoichiometric mixing ratio and wind speed. Heats released were estimated from knowledge of the flame dimensions. The study showed that combustion efficiency quickly decreases as wind speed increases from 1 to 6 m/s. Combustion efficiencies were found to level off at values between 10 to 15 per cent when wind speeds were beyond 6 m/s. Propane and ethane burned more efficiently than methane or hydrogen sulphide. 23 refs., 4 tabs., 1 fig., 1 appendix

[en] We describe a 'chemical printer' that uses piezoelectric pulsing for rapid and accurate microdispensing of picolitre volumes of fluid for proteomic analysis of 'protein macroarrays'. Unlike positive transfer and pin transfer systems, our printer dispenses fluid in a non-contact process that ensures that the fluid source cannot be contaminated by substrate during a printing event. We demonstrate automated delivery of enzyme and matrix solutions for on-membrane protein digestion and subsequent peptide mass fingerprinting (pmf) analysis directly from the membrane surface using matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). This approach bypasses the more commonly used multi-step procedures, thereby permitting a more rapid procedure for protein identification. We also highlight the advantage of printing different chemistries onto an individual protein spot for multiple microscale analyses. This ability is particularly useful when detailed characterisation of rare and valuable sample is required. Using a combination of PNGase F and trypsin we have mapped sites of N-glycosylation using on-membrane digestion strategies. We also demonstrate the ability to print multiple serum samples in a micro-ELISA format and rapidly screen a protein macroarray of human blood plasma for pathogen-derived antigens. We anticipate that the 'chemical printer' will be a major component of proteomic platforms for high-throughput protein identification and characterisation with widespread applications in biomedical and diagnostic discovery

[en] In this paper numerical calculations and analysis on turbulent non-premixed gaseous and spray combustion are reviewed. Attentions were paid to the turbulent flow and combustion modeling applicable to predicting the flow, mixing and combustion of gaseous fuels and sprays. Some of the computed results of turbulent gaseous non-premixed (diffusion) flames with and without swirl and transient spray combustion were compared with experimental ones to understand the processes in the flame and to assure how the computations predict the experiments

[en] For over half a century, combustion researchers have studied the phenomenon of Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition (DDT). DDT phenomenon lies at the intersection of chemical kinetics, flow turbulence and compressible gas dynamics; and presents a formidable and challenging conundrum. In the nuclear industry, DDT is a known risk in accident scenarios involving unintended release and combustion of hydrogen. Through use of sophisticated measurements, experimentalists have clearly elucidated the mechanisms underlying DDT. More recently, numerical modeling has also been adopted as one of the methods for studying DDT. In this article, the multitude of effects involved in DDT have been presented from a physical standpoint. Then, numerical challenges and strategies to model DDT are described along with key validation results. Finally, the mechanistic aspects of DDT are also discussed. (author)

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[en] In this paper the utilization of a laser for the ignition of gasless combustion reactions is demonstrated. Practical experimental methods and data reduction techniques are discussed

[en] In this paper we outline our solution, of the Cauchy problem, for Majda's model of dynamic combustion, i.e. the system: (u+q_oz)_t+f(u)_χ = 0, z_t+Kφ(u)z = 0, in the class of bounded measurable functions. We define a weak entropy solution for this system, state the uniqueness theorem in this class, and outline the existence proof under the assumption that the initial data is of bounded variation. The existence is proved via the ''vanishing viscosity method''. (author). 3 refs