[en] Highlights: • An absorption based laser sensor for the investigation of dynamically changing liquid film thicknesses is proposed. • The used laser wavelength was optimized to prevent dependence to the temperature. • The sensor can be used in two configurations, which leads to a higher flexibility regarding different boundary conditions. • The laser based sensor could successfully be validated in both configurations against a commercially available chromatic confocal resonance (CHR) sensor. - Abstract: In this work, an absorption based laser sensor for the investigation of dynamically changing liquid film thicknesses is developed and validated. For the wavelength selection of the single-ended, fibre-coupled, diode-laser sensor, near-infrared spectra of liquid water are measured at various thicknesses and temperatures. To reduce the influence of the film temperature, the evaluation is supported by a calibration procedure. Unknown film thicknesses of up to 440 µm could then be measured. To adapt the sensor to particular boundary conditions of different systems, the single-ended setup can be changed to a transmissive configuration. The sensor is validated in both configurations against a commercially available chromatic confocal resonance (CHR) sensor. A comparison with respect to the CHR sensor leads to an accuracy of 2.8 µm and a precision of 3.9% of the new laser based sensor.

[en] Foils of erbium and scandium 10-30μ thick were obtained by thorium-thermal reduction of metals from their oxides or by vaporization of these metals. A vacuum installation with automatic recording of the weight of the film was used. The technological operating regimes for obtaining the foils and films are given

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[en] Industrial process of production of high purity master alloys ingots by the thermite process from a rare earth compound which is reduced by a reducing agent like alkaline or alkaline earth metals. The process is characterized by introduction of the transition metal into the initial reaction mixture, at least in part, as a compound than can be reduced by the reducing agent

[en] Hermite–Gaussian (HG) mode, as one of the fundamental transverse electromagnetic modes, has significant advantages in various applications including quantum entanglement, guidance of ultracold atoms and particle acceleration, some of which require complex manipulation (such as dynamic creation and arbitrary three-dimensional spatial transformation with challenges) over HG modes. We report the dynamic creation of a transversely rotated HG mode along its propagating axis with the help of a fast amplitude digital micromirror device (DMD) and a binary encoding technique. Furthermore, this mechanism can also realize the dynamic deformation from a traditional HG beam to a vortex HG beam, which provides a deep insight into the detailed formation of optical vortex singularity in a light beam and would benefit across singular optics and optical manipulation. (paper)

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[en] This paper describes the reduction of isotopically enriched Fe₂O₃ usng a controlled thermite reaction. The method will produce strain free evaporated films of 100-300 μg/cm² which can be floated and mounted, using standard techniques, to make strong self-supporting targets. (author)

[en] Steam explosion is a phenomenon in which a high temperature liquid gives its internal energy to a low temperature volatile liquid extremely quickly causing rapid evaporation and shock wave generation. In the field of nuclear reactor safety research regarding severe accidents in LWRs, steam explosions involving molten fuel and coolant has been recognized as a potential threat to the integrity of the reactor containment vessel. In the ALPHA (Assessment of Loads and Performance of Containment in Hypothetical Accident) program, experiments were performed to investigate the phenomenology of vapor explosions using iron-alumina thermite melt as a simulant of molten core. This report collects the experimental results especially emphasizing the visual observations by high speed photography. (author)

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