[en] Energy conservation is back. War in the Middle East and environmental concerns are again responsible. Advocates of conservation cite engineering studies to show that improvements in energy efficiency are possible in almost all economic sectors and that the adoption of the cited measures will pay. In technical aspects, such studies correct, in as far as they go. However, conventional energy conservation studies, based on classical thermodynamics, are inherently biased toward refinement in execution of familiar techniques. The tell little of possibilities for profound conceptual change: innovation. Capital invested to refine execution of a technique becomes unavailable for innovation. However, it is innovation that brings the greatest gains in the efficiencies of use of all resources in production, including energy. The first object, in this paper is to explain limitations of conventional assessments; the second is to suggest the outlines of a dynamic theory that might reveal opportunities for innovation

[en] This book deals with plan and design of waste incinerator, which includes process outline of waste, method of measure, test, analysis, combustion way and classification of incineration facilities, condition of combustion and incineration, combustion calculation and heat calculation, ventilation and flow resistivity, an old body and component materials of supplementary installation, attached device, protection of pollution of incineration ash and waste gas, deodorization, prevention of noise in incineration facility, using heat and electric heat, check order of incineration plan.

[en] The principal objective of the study was to determine the key contractual and financial aspects of large scale energy-from-waste projects, and to provide the necessary background information on financing to appreciate the approach lenders take when they consider financing waste combustion projects. An integral part of the study has been the preparation of a detailed financial model, incorporating all major financing parameters, to assess the economic and financial viability of typical waste combustion projects. (author)

[en] Some of the fiscal questions relating to resource-recovery, or trash-burning, facilities are addressed. Production and cost functions for resource-recovery facilities are estimated using regression analysis. Whether or not there are returns to scale are addressed using the production and cost-function framework. Production functions are also estimated using data envelopment analysis (DEA), and results are compared to the regression results. DEA is a linear-program-based technique that can provide information about the production process. The data used to estimate the production and cost functions were collected from the Resource Recovery Yearbook. Once the decision is made to construct a resource-recovery facility, it needs to be financed. The high cost of these facilities usually prohibits financing construction out of regular operating revenues. Therefore, the issues a government faces when debt is used to finance a resource-recovery facility are analyzed. The most important public policy finding is that increasing economies of scale do not seem to be present for resource-recovery facilities

[en] The relationship between municipal/regional waste management officials and the contract operators of waste-to-energy plants has many dimensions. At the core of this relationship is the Service Agreement: the contractual statement of mutual and individual responsibilities over an extended time period, usually 20-25 years. Beyond this formal tie, the relationships and associated activities expand to the many day-to-day contacts and tasks involved in getting the job done. In most cases, the job is done well: the waste is collected, deposited, burned to generate useful (and valuable) energy, and the residue is disposed. A third party providing periodic, comprehensive, objective, and skilled oversight of plant operations can provide owner, operator, and participating communities with an early warning of problems and can work with each to identify and implement opportunities for improvements. This paper describes the nature and benefits of such professional services

[en] For safe disposal of age-old legacy and unused chemicals in BARC, Trombay, oil-fired chemical incinerator with a capacity of 20 kg h"-"1 for solid and liquid chemical is installed adjacent to trash incinerator near RSMS, Gamma Field. The Incinerator was supplied by M/s B. L. Engineering Works, Ahmedabad. Commission of the same at Trombay site was carried out, under the supervision of Civil Engineering (CED), Technical Services Division (TSD) and Analytical Chemistry Division (custodian of the facility)

[en] Pollution caused by industrial processes is a direct result of inefficiencies in raw materials conversion and energy utilization. It follows that improvements in process efficiency must result in a reduction in pollution. Thus, compliance with statutory emissions requirements should, in many cases, be achievable through conservation measures that improve process yield and reduce energy wastage. This paper describes work that has been carried out to demonstrate this principle, and to devise process integration methodologies aimed at pollution prevention objectives. Two distinct projects, both focussing on oil refineries, are highlighted: The USEPA, in collaboration with Amoco, conducted a pollution prevention study of the Yorktown Refiner and Southern California Edison Company (SCE)

[en] This news is based on the following article: Negri E., Bravi F., Catalani S., et al. Health effects of living near an incinerator: A systematic review of epidemiological studies, with focus on last generation plants Journal of Environmental Research 2020; 184: 109305. Doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109305. Systematic reviews examining the health effects of pollutant emissions from waste incinerators have not yet taken into account their technological developments and huge improvements. This new study makes up for this limitation by analysing the existing data in depth and by classifying the installations into three categories, according to the year they were put into service and legal standards then in effect. It includes suggestions for better-designed and more useful studies for monitoring third-generation plants. (author)

[en] This report comprises an initial economic and market appraisal of the proposals made by Materials Recycling Management (MRM) Ltd for a commercial plant engaged in waste treatment and energy recovery. The MRM design is an integrated waste handling system for commercial and industrial non hazardous wastes and civic amenity wastes. After primary separation into three selected broad waste categories, wastes are processed in the plant to recover basic recyclables such as paper, timber, plastics and metals. A quantity of material is directed for composting and the remainder converted into a fuel and combusted on site for energy recovery. Wastes unworthy of processing would be sent for disposal. A basic technical review has been undertaken. The focus of this review has been on the main processing plant where materials are segregated and the fuel and compost produced. (author)

[en] Two case studies of U.S. EPA-required RFI/CMS programs will be summarized and related in this paper. The actual FRI/CMS process and how this affected tow facilities will be explained. The type of effort needed to undertake the RFI/CMS program and attendant costs will be described. This paper is intended to convey the working of the RFI/CMS process as well as point out pitfalls and how to avoid them. The facility owner than undertakes a RCRA Facility Investigation to determine the type and impact of SWMUs on-site. This report determines the need for additional interim corrective measures; or, if no adverse impact is found, then no further action is recommended. This leads to the development of a CMS initiated by the facility owner. This study includes financial assessment, conceptual designs, liability assessments and remedial assessments. The regulatory impact and cost impact on industrial plants (such as petrochemical plants) is just now being realized. The cost for conducting the RFI/CMS Assessment, depending upon how many old SWMUs are present and can be readily identified, could range up to $500,000 or more