[en] We perform calculations for the binding energies and low-lying levels of ^{10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22}C nuclei starting from the chiral N3LO nucleon-nucleon potential within the framework of the Hybrid Multideterminant scheme. The effective interaction is obtained using the Lee-Suzuki renormalization scheme applied to 4 and in some cases to 5, major harmonic oscillator shells. The results are compared with the experimental data. (author)

No abstract available

[en] Many solubility data for M(II) carbonates commonly compiled in tables are contradictory and sometimes obviously wrong. The quality of such data has been evaluated based on the original publications and reliable solubility constants have been selected for the carbonates of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb with the help of cross-comparisons. (author)

No abstract available

[en] The course of thermal dissociation of the following carbonates of the rare earth elements: La₂(CO₃)₃.8H₂O, Ce₂(CO₃)₃.6H₂O, Pr₂(CO₃)₃.8H₂O, Nd₂(CO₃)₃.4H₂O and Sm₂(CO₃)₃.4H₂O was examined by means of the derivatograph OD 102, system F. Paulik-J. Paulik-L. Erdey. On the basis of derivatograms the ranges of temperatures of existence of intermediate products and temperatures of their decomposition were determined. The results obtained were compared with the data from chemical literature. (author)

[en] Carbonate and bicarbonate are common anions found in many natural waters. Carbonate complexes of actinides may play an important role in their migration from a nuclear waste repository or a contaminated site. The authors have initiated NMR characterization studies of actinide carbonate complexes to understand their behavior under environmental conditions. These systems are complicated in that they consist of several different complex ions in rapid equilibria with one another, and with uncomplexed or hydrolyzed species. The structure of the limiting complex AnO₂(CO₃)₃^4- is well established for An = U, Np, Pu, and Am. A trimeric species of formula (AnO₂)₃(CO₃)₆^6- has been established for An = U, and may be important for Np, and Pu. In addition, the monomer is involved in a dynamic exchange with free carbonate. The dynamic behavior of ¹³CO₃^2- exchange with monomeric ²⁴²PuO₂(CO₃)₃^4- and ²⁴³AmO₂(CO₃)₃^4- have been examined by variable temperature ¹³C NMR. Line-broadening of the free ¹³CO₃^2- signal is observed due to chemical exchange between free and coordinated CO₃^2- on the PuO₂(CO₃)₃^4- ions. The first-order rate constant (k) for exchange is related to the NMR transverse relaxation rate, T₂. T₂ has been measured using a modified pulse sequence over an 80 degrees temperature range and used to calculate the first order rate constants for exchange. The variation of k with temperature was used to calculate the thermodynamic activation parameters for exchange and a plausible reaction mechanism is discussed

[en] The chemistry of inorganic carbonates is reviewed, with emphasis on solubility and hydrolytic stability, in order to identify candidate waste forms for immobilization and disposal of ¹⁴C. At present, CaCO₃ and BaCO₃ are the two most widely favoured wasted forms, primarily because they are the products of proven CO₂-scrubbing technology. However, they have relatively high solubilities in non-alkaline solutions, necessitating care in selecting and assessing an appropriate disposal environment. Three compounds with better solubility characteristics in near-neutral waters are identified: bismutite, (BiO)₂CO₃; hydrocerussite, Pb₃(OH)₂(CO₃)₂; and rhodochrosite, MnCO₃. Some of the limitations of each of these alternative waste forms are discussed

[en] Full carbon accounting for regions as a whole, considering all fluxes and transports, is ultimately the only real hope if we are to manage global CO2 emissions. Many methods exist to estimate parts of the carbon budget, but none is yet available to measure carbon fluxes directly at regional scales. Atmospheric Boundary-Layer budgeting methods do have this potential. In the winter of 2000, an international workshop was held in Gubbio, Italy, to discuss ways to advance from the pilot experiments that have been carried out on these methods. First, the meeting helped to advance the methodology and clarify its objectives, requirements and merits. But more importantly, the outcome of the meeting was that atmospheric budget methods should be part of an integrative approach, in which data and model results of very different kinds and from very different scales all provide constraints for estimating the net carbon exchange of a region. Several international projects are now operating to achieve this goal

[en] It describes the design and test of Sampling Instrument of C-14 in air. The instrument is designed to collect CO₂, CO, CH₄ in the air and is based on MSP430. The instrument can choose time mode or fixed quantify mode to sample air according to the needs in practice. (authors)

[en] The objective of our research is the development of a system resembling a CO₂ scrubber, in which carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the rate of CO₂ hydration for subsequent fixation into stable mineral carbonates. The present focus is on the use of produced waters as one of various possible sources of the counterions for precipitation. Carbonate precipitation has been studied from synthetic brines corresponding to a range of compositions of produced waters from the Permian and San Juan Basins, and promising results have been obtained with carbonic anhydrase. CO₂ sequestration capacities are estimated to be 0.49-1.85x10³ tonnes CO₂/year and 1.28-2.80x10⁵ tonnes CO₂/year for the San Juan and Permian Basins, respectively, per cycle, up to ∼3mt CO₂ per year total, based on the volumes of produced waters in 2002. (author)