Filters
Results 1 - 10 of 657
Results 1 - 10 of 657.
Search took: 0.035 seconds
Sort by: date | relevance |
AbstractAbstract
[en] A brief introduction is given on how the ozone layer formed and about the factors depleted ozone layer such as chloro bromo compounds and so on; then, it follows the processes which destroy the troposphere. The damaging effect of ultraviolet radiation is described. Finally,the action taken to reduce the depletion of ozone layer is presented
Original Title
Trazhedy-e laye-he ozon
Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Mohit-e-zist; ISSN 1028-0952;
; v. 7(2); p. 46-54

Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
Primary Subject
Source
Congress on climate change: Global risks, challenges and decisions; Copenhagen (Denmark); 10-12 Mar 2009; Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1307/6/28/282022; Abstract only; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
Record Type
Journal Article
Literature Type
Conference
Journal
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (EES); ISSN 1755-1315;
; v. 6(28); [1 p.]

Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] We estimate a current direct radiative forcing due to CFC-12 of 0.18Wm-2, which is likely to be the peak radiative forcing for CFC-12. Global measurements of CFC-12 show at present an almost negligible trend for CFC-12 and measurement in an industrialized region show evidence that the peak concentration is reached. It is expected that concentration of CFC-12 in industrialized regions begins to decline 1-3 years before the global concentration. Our radiative forcing calculations are based on a line-by-line model appropriate for simulation of global mean radiative forcing, including clouds and stratospheric temperature adjustment. The radiative forcing of 0.33Wm-2/ppbv is close to earlier published results for this compound. New spectroscopic measurements for CFC-12 are performed and compared to previously published results
Primary Subject
Source
S0022-4073(05)00216-5; Copyright (c) 2005 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer; ISSN 0022-4073;
; CODEN JQSRAE; v. 97(3); p. 317-331

Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] This article presents dimensionless equations for the temperature dependence of the saturated liquid viscosity of R32, R123, R124, R125, R134a, R141b, and R152a valid over a temperature range of engineering interest. The correlation has the form ΦDn= A +BTD where ΦD is the dimensionless fluidity (1/ηD) and TD is a dimensionless temperature. n, A, and B are evaluated for each of the above refrigerants based on a least-squares fit to experimental data. This equation is found to provide an improved fit over those existing in the literature up to TD = 0.8
Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] Results are presented from experimental studies of the destruction of chlorofluorocarbon (CF2Cl2) molecules in a methane-oxygen (air) gas mixture whose combustion is initiated by a high-current slipping surface discharge. It is found that a three-component CH4 + O2(air)+ CF2Cl2 gas mixture (even with a considerable amount of the third component) demonstrates properties of explosive combustion involving chain reactions that are typical of two-component CH4 + O2 mixtures. Experiments show the high degree of destruction (almost complete decomposition) of chlorofluorocarbons contained in the mixture during one combustion event. The combustion dynamics is studied. It is shown that the combustion initiated by a slipping surface discharge has a number of characteristic features that make it impossible to identify the combustion dynamics with the formation of a combustion or detonation wave. The features of the effects observed can be related to intense UV radiation produced by a pulsed high-current surface discharge
Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Source
Translated from Fizika Plazmy, ISSN 0367-2921, 27, 757-768 (No. 8, 2001); (c) 2001 MAIK ''Nauka / Interperiodica''.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
Record Type
Journal Article
Literature Type
Translation
Journal
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
External URLExternal URL
Mc Elhleny, V.
Proceedings of the first MIT international conference on the next generation of nuclear power technology1990
Proceedings of the first MIT international conference on the next generation of nuclear power technology1990
AbstractAbstract
[en] In our own domestic politics in the United States, examples of renunciation of a civilian technology that I can think of easily are the Supersonic Transport, where we made a social decision not to subsidize production of the 2000 mile per hour Boeing embodiment, and the related decision to begin restricting the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). We began doing the latter in the 1970s, more as a fallout of the Supersonic Transport debate than the self-standing concern it has become. We now have global arrangements to cut back on CFCs, and it would appear that the ones that we have had are going to be tightened. Those are very unusual in the history of technology. it was not a vote of the people that caused inter-urban trams to go out of service. You can look at the history of Los Angeles and say there were some local votes of bodies that were manipulated to hasten the decline of them, but on the whole, technologies are not voted up or down by the people. This is not a plebiscitary thing. In polling, there is an implication that you are taking a sounding of the people and are acting as a result of that sounding. Perception is that everyone is pushing their button, and then you do something
Primary Subject
Source
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program for Advanced Nuclear Power Studies, Cambridge, MA (United States); 258 p; 1990; [3 p.]; 1. MIT international conference on the next generation of nuclear power technology; Cambridge, MA (United States); 4-5 Oct 1990
Record Type
Report
Literature Type
Conference
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
Related RecordRelated Record
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Banks, E.M.; Freeman, W.P.; Kovach, B.J.
Proceedings of the 23rd DOE/NRC nuclear air cleaning conference1995
Proceedings of the 23rd DOE/NRC nuclear air cleaning conference1995
AbstractAbstract
[en] The intended phaseout of the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) from commercial use required the evaluation of substitute materials for the testing for leak paths through both individual adsorbers and installed adsorbent banks. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Committee on Nuclear Air and Gas Treatment (CONAGT) is in charge of maintaining the standards and codes specifying adsorbent leak test methods for the nuclear safety related air cleaning systems. The currently published standards and codes cite the use of R-11, R-12 and R-112 for leak path test agents. All of these compounds are CFCs. There are other agencies and organizations (USDOE, USDOD and USNRC) also specifying testing for leak paths or in some cases for special life tests using the above compounds. The CONAGT has recently developed criteria for the suitability evaluation of substitute test agents. On the basis of these criteria, several compounds were evaluated for their acceptability as adsorbent bed leak and life test agents. The ASME CONAGT Test Agent Qualification Criteria. The test agent qualification is based on the following parameters: (1) Similar retention times on activated carbons at the same concentration levels as one of the following: R-11, R-12, R-112 or R-112a. (2) Similar lower detection limit sensitivity and precision in the concentration range of use as R-11, R-12, R-112 and R-112a. (3) Gives the same in-place leak test results as R-11, R-12, R-112, or R-112a. (4) Chemical and radiological stability under the use conditions. (5) Causes no degradation of the carbon and its impregnant or of the other NATS components under the use conditions. (6) Is listed in the USEPA Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) inventory for commercial use
Primary Subject
Source
First, M.W. (ed.) (Harvard Univ., Boston, MA (United States). Harvard Air Cleaning Lab.); USDOE Assistant Secretary for Environment, Safety, and Health, Washington, DC (United States). Office of Environmental Guidance; Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC (United States). Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research; International Society of Nuclear Air Treatment Technologies, Inc., Batavia, OH (United States); Harvard Univ., Boston, MA (United States). Harvard Air Cleaning Lab; 820 p; Feb 1995; p. 313-319; 23. DOE/NRC nuclear air cleaning and treatment conference; Buffalo, NY (United States); 25-28 Jul 1994; Also available from OSTI as TI95007828; NTIS; GPO
Record Type
Report
Literature Type
Conference; Numerical Data
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] The liquid thermal conductivities of the CFC alternatives, HFC-125, and HCFC-141b measured by a transient hot-wire apparatus with one bare platinum wire are reported in the temperature ranges from 193 to 333 K (HFC- 125, CHF2·CF3) and from 193 to 393 K (HCFC-141b, CCl2F-CF3), in the pressure ranges from 2 to 30 MPa (HFC-125) and from 0.1 to 30 MPa (HCFC- 141b), respectively. The results have been estimated to have an accurancy of ±0.5%. The liquid thermal conductives obtained have been correlated by a polynomial of temperature and pressure which can represent the experimental results within the standard deviations of 0.49% for HFC-125 and 0.46% for HCFC-141b, respectively
Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Literature Type
Numerical Data
Journal
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Trowbridge, L.D.; Otey, M.G.
Oak Ridge K-25 Site, TN (United States); Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant, KY (United States). Funding organisation: USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)1994
Oak Ridge K-25 Site, TN (United States); Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant, KY (United States). Funding organisation: USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)1994
AbstractAbstract
[en] The U.S. Enrichment Corporation's production of isotopically enriched uranium depends solely on two plants which utilize the gaseous diffusion process. This process uses large quantities of CFC-114 as an evaporative coolant. CFC-114, however, will be phased out of production at the end of 1995 due to its potential to deplete stratospheric ozone. A search has been underway for substitutes for a number of years. The initial search (1988-89) for an ozone-friendly, commercially available, chemically compatible substitute yielded two candidates, FC-c318 (c-C4F8) and FC-3110 (C4F10). The intended mode of replacing coolant was to stage the new coolant into independent subsystems of the plants, so that some systems would continue to operate on CFC-114, and an increasing number would operate on the new coolant. During that changeover process, the possibility of coolant mixing arises in variety of scenarios. This work was intended to generate sufficient experimental information to be able to predict the vapor pressure of coolant mixtures over the range of operating conditions likely to be found in the diffusion plants. Specifically, vapor pressures were measured over the temperature range 322 to 355 K (120 degrees F to 180 degrees F) and over the full range of mole fractions for binary mixtures of CFC-114 with FC-3110, and of CFC-114 with FC-c318
Primary Subject
Source
Sep 1994; 34 p; CONTRACT AC05-84OT21400; Also available from OSTI as DE95003444; NTIS; US Govt. Printing Office Dep
Record Type
Report
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Sonnerup, Rolf E.; McNichol, Ann P.; Quay, Paul D.; Gammon, Richard H.; Bullister, John L.; Sabine, Christopher L.; Slater, Richard D., E-mail: rolf@u.washington.edu2007
AbstractAbstract
[en] A multiparameter mixing approach, 'MIX', for determining oceanic anthropogenic CO2 was used to reconstruct the industrial-era change in the 13C/12C of dissolved inorganic carbon ((delta)13C of DIC) along the 1992 165 deg E WOCE P13N section in the North Pacific Ocean. The back-calculation approach was tested against a known anthropogenic tracer, chlorofluorocarbon-11 (CFC-11), and also by reconstructing an ocean general circulation model's (OGCM) anthropogenic (delta)13C change. MIX proved accurate to ±10% against measured CFC-11, but only to ± ∼25% reconstructing the OGCM's (delta)13C change from 1992 model output. The OGCM's CFC distribution was also poorly reconstructed using MIX, indicating that this test suffers from limitations in the OGCM's representation of water masses in the ocean. The MIX industrial-era near-surface (200 m) (delta)13C change reconstructed from the WOCE P13N data ranged from -0.08% in the subtropics (15-30 deg N), to -0.06% in the tropics (10 deg N), and -0.04 to -0.02% north of 40 deg N. Depth-integrated changes along 165 deg E were -40%.m to -50%.m at low latitudes, and were smaller (-20%.m) north of 40 deg N. The MIX North Pacific (delta)13C change is consistent with the global anthropogenic CO2 inventory of 118 ± 17 Pg from (delta)C*
Primary Subject
Source
Available from DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00250.x; 55 refs., 16 figs., 4 tabs.
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Tellus, Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology; ISSN 0280-6509;
; CODEN TSBMD7; v. 59B(2); p. 303-317

Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
1 | 2 | 3 | Next |