[en] Vacuum processing line for the protective and decorative coatings infliction on the plane ceramic substrates by 600 multiplication 1200 multiplication 100 mm is presented.

[en] In order to optimize the properties of optical components, thin film deposition with controlled thickness and refractive index is often needed. Two different deposition techniques are proposed in this article and illustrated with examples: physical vapor deposition (PVD) and liquid sol-gel process (LSG). PVD and LSG techniques are equivalent as far as the following topics are concerned: elaboration of oxide or composite coated material, optical performance, mechanical performance, and laser performance. PVD is better for the elaboration of metallic films, the design of multi-layers or complex pile-up of layers. LSG is better for the treatment of large surfaces, for substrates with complicated shapes and for its low cost. PVD technique has been widely used so it benefited from an industrial maturity and a clean technology concerning wastes and effluents. On the contrary LSG is a new technique not yet widely used in industrial processes but that looks promising. (A.C.)

[en] A conventional box coating chamber has been equipped with three dc magnetron sputtering cathodes, reactive gas (O₂, N₂, H₂) pressure and flow control, planetary substrate holder, and optical monitoring to produce a low-temperature batch coating system for multilayer optical coating fabrication using oxides, nitrides, semiconductors and semitransparent metals. The system realizes the benefits traditionally derived from this geometry: maximum area of uniform coating thickness, spatially-averaged coating flux impingement angles, and precise thickness monitoring. The use of sputtering cathodes adds the benefits of increased flexibility in choice of materials deposited, increased adatom energy at the substrate, and increased chemical reactivity in a gas discharge. Dense, durable, fully-reacted dielectric coatings are achieved at low processing temperatures. Metal targets (sources) are used for ease of fabrication, and dc power avoids radio-frequency impedance matching requirements. The chamber and components are described and operation of the cathodes explained. Thickness uniformity profiles, deposition rates, and substrate temperature data are related. A list of materials investigated to date is presented with pertinent optical properties and intrinsic mechanical stress values. Illustrative performance examples for multilayer coatings on glasses and plastics are included

[en] Surface enhancement to prevent wear, self welding, thermal shock stress and irradiation attack is obtained by applying spray coatings performed by the detonation gun process. The equipment and the process are described and density hardness, porosity, microstructure and bond strength of the coatings are examined

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[en] The demand for wear and corrosion protective coatings is increasing due to economic facts. Deposition processes in gas atmospheres like the CVD and PVD processes attained a tremendous importance especially in the field of the deposition of thin hard refractory and ceramic coatings. CVD and PVD processes are reviewed in detail. Some examples of coating installations are shown and numerous applications are given to demonstrate the present state of the art. (orig.)

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[en] Highlights: • Oxygen barrier coatings solely based on nanosize cellulose were developed. • The coating thickness varied from hundreds of nanometers for spin-coated layers, to micrometers for dip-coated ones. • Nanosize cellulose coatings showed better oxygen barrier than polymers such as PE and PS in dry conditions. • Thin nanocellulose coatings were sensitive for humidity and long term storage. In this study, environmental friendly and sustainable coatings of nanocellulose (NC) were prepared using spin- and dip-coating methods, on two different porous cellulose substrates. Microscopy studies showed that spin-coating technique was suitable for the substrate with smaller pore size, while the dip-coating was suitable for the substrate with larger pore size. The coating thickness ranged from some hundreds of nanometers for the spin-coated layers, to some micrometers for the dip-coated ones. It was also seen that the contact angle increased with the coating thickness and roughness. NC coating resulted in low oxygen permeability (between 0.12 and 24 mL ∗ μm/(m² ∗ 24 h ∗ kPa)) at 23% RH, but at 50% RH the oxygen permeability was too high to be measured, except for the dip-coated sample with 23 μm thickness. Also, it was seen that eight month storing reduced the barrier properties of the coatings when compared with fresh materials. These results indicate that NC coatings have a great potential as sustainable alternative coating on paperboard.

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