[en] A measurement of the Doppler effect has been performed at Phenix. Large corrections were necessary. Thus the measurement has been done again on another way. Results agree. A comparison has been made with the results of a theoretical calculation performed with the CARNAVAL IV ''formulaire''

No abstract available

[en] Portosystemic shunts are performed to relieve symptomatic portal hypertension symptomatic or removal pressure in hepatic vascularisation in patients with Budd-Chiari's syndrome. Most surgical portosystemic shunts can be suitably studied by means of ultrasound scan complemented by color and pulsed Dopplers, proved one understands the hemodynamics of the surgical procedures involved. This article demonstrates the usefulness and limitations of the ultrasound scan Duplex Doppler in the evaluation of portosystemic shunts performed on pediatric patients. Pulsed Doppler provides information regarding the nature and direction of blood flow. Color doppler is capable of directly revealing the shunt and, in most cases, permits the anastomosis to be located. The types of shunts that appear include proximal and distal spleno-renal, portocaval and mesocaval. Types of vascular connections are illustrated,s well as expected post-surgical blood flow direction in affected vessels. The ultrasound scanning technique is discussed, as well as the criteria for determining vascular permeability. Also highlighted are the advantages, limitations and diagnostic difficulties associated with the different forms of Doppler. (Author) 17 refs

No abstract available

[en] To asses the role of color duplex Doppler ultrasound (CDU) in the preoperative study of patients with varicose veins in lower extremities. We employed CDU to examine varicose veins in 342 lower limbs, assessing reflux in saphenous veins (SV), deep venous system (DVS) and perforating veins (PV). We analyzed the relationship between the anatomical extent of the reflux and the clinical findings. Insufficiency of the superficial venous system alone was uncommon, occurring in only 10.8% of the limbs examined. Reflux was observed in SV and PV in 48.2% of the legs. It was detected in all three systems in 29.2% of cases. The presence of reflux in more than one system and more than one value was associated with increased clinical severity. The site of venous reflux in lower extremities with varicose veins varies. Greater clinical severity is observed in the presence of more marked reflux in the DVS and PV. CDU provides anatomic and functional data on the three venous systems of the lower limbs, allowing an individualized therapeutic surgery. Preoperative localization of incompetent PV by means of CDU facilities their ligation. CDU is the technique of choice for the preoperative examination of the venous systems of patients with varicose veins. (Author)

[en] To differentiate, in a number of pediatric lung diseases, a series of Doppler flow patterns according to their pulmonary or systemic origin, assessing the morphology of the spectral curve. We have reviewed the Doppler studies carried out in 22 patients with a variety of pulmonary pathologies, including several pulmonary abnormalities: three cases of sequestration, four cases of pulmonary vein drainage problems (one with no evidence of associated pulmonary abnormality, two with scimitar syndrome and one variant with accessory diaphragm), one case of cystic adenomatoid malformation, three cases of metastatic neoplastic lesion, one case of hydatid cyst and 10 cases of infections pathology and atelectasis, the underlying causes of which were unknown. We have found four basis patterns of pulmonary or systemic arterial and venous vascularization in ultrasonographic studies. We conclude that the use of Doppler ultrasound associated with standard ultrasonography is a very helpful tool in the initial diagnosis of pulmonary vascularization abnormalities. (Author)

[en] Arterial aneurysms are rarely encountered in children. When they are, the existence of an underlying disease or a history of previous infection or trauma should be suspected since the majority them are acquired. Pseudo aneurysms or false aneurysms are a consequence of the rupture of the arterial wall after accidental injury or a iatrogenic lesion. We present a case of a pseudoaneurysm of the brachial artery secondary to repeated attempts at venipuncture in a 3-month-old infant. We show the plain radiography and duplex Doppler color Doppler ultrasound findings which, in the clinical context of the patient, were sufficient for diagnosis, making it unnecessary to perform arteriography prior to surgical treatment. (Author) 9 refs

[en] To evaluate the usefulness of power Doppler (PD) Ultrasound Scan in the study of acute pyelonephritis (APN). To compare ultrasound scan results with those obtained with renal gammagraphy (DMSA). To relate the findings to the clinical criteria and to determine the presence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in the serial micturition cystography (SMC). Prospective study of 92 patients (ages between 1 month and 10 years) with suspected clinical PNA. All children were initially subjected to PD ultrasound scan and DMSA. Those under 3 years old were also subjected to SMC for the study of VUR. PNA in the PD ultrasound scan was manifested by decrease in vascularisation and in the DMSA by decrease in caption in the affected zones. 87 renal units (RU) with PNA foci were detected. Conformity between the PD ultrasound scan and DMSA was 157 RU (92%): 52 positives, 22 negatives with PNA and 83 normal RU. The sensitivities of PD and DMSA were 65.5% and 69.0%. 51 SMC were performed, with VUR being detected in 18 (13 bilateral and 5 unilateral), in which the sensitivities of PD and DMSA were 65.5% and 69.0%. 51 SMC were performed, with VUR being detected in 18 (13 bilateral and 5 unilateral), in which the sensitivities of PD and DMSA were 80% and 85%, respectively. Mode B ultrasound scan and PD can replace DMSA in the initial study of PPNA. It is non-invasive, simple, economical and just as reliable as DMSA in expert hands. it can also postpone by up to 6 months the need to perform DMSA for detection of permanent renal damage. (Author) 22 refs

[en] To determine normal umbilical circulation patterns by means of Doppler ultrasound scan in a healthy gestating population without risk factors and with normal perinatal results, and to evaluate any occurring modifications relative to gestational age by obtaining records kept during pregnancy. One hundred and sixteen pregnant women carrying a single fetus have been studied. These women had no risk factors, with both clinical and analytical controls, as well as ultrasound scans, all being normal. There were performed a total of 193 Doppler ultrasound scans between weeks 15 and 41 of gestation, with blood-flow analysis in the arteries and vein of the umbilical cord. The obtained information was correlated with parameters that evaluate fetal well-being (fetal monitoring and/or oxytocin test) and perinatal result (delivery type, birth weight, Apgar score). Statistical analysis was performed with the programs SPSS 6.0.1 for Windows and EPIINFO 6.0.4. With pulsed Doppler, the umbilical artery in all cases demonstrated a biphasic morphology with systolic and diastolic components and without retrograde blood flow. As the gestation period increased, there was observed a progressive decrease in resistance along with an increase in blood-flow velocity during the diastolic phase. The Doppler ultrasound scan is a non-invasive method that permits the hemodynamic study of umbilical blood circulation. A knowledge of normal blood-flow signal morphology, as well as of the normal values for Doppler indices in relation to gestational age would permit us to utilize this method in high-risk pregnancies. (Author) 30 refs

[en] Schonlein-Henoch purpura is the most common form of purpura in children. It can affect a number of organs, but scrotal involvement is rare. We present a case of scrotal hemorrhage and epidymo-orchitis, diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasound, in which conservative treatment was employed. The differential diagnosis involves testicular torsion, which is also, although less frequently, associated with Schonlein-Henoch purpura. color Doppler ultrasound results in the correct diagnosis, ruling out testicular torsion and avoiding surgical exploration of the testicles. (Author) 8 refs