[en] Abstract only

[en] We analyze the first-order gradient effects in micro piezoelectric-bimorph circular plate (PBCP) power harvesters by including the first-order gradient terms in the energy density functions. Considering that the dimension of a PBCP is much smaller in the thickness direction than the in-plane dimensions, the gradient effects can be focused on analysis of the strain-gradient effects in the thickness direction through choosing the strains and the electric displacements as the independent constitutive variables. The paper has shown theoretically that the first-order gradient effects have induced shift in the natural frequency of a PBCP structure and resulted in a small change in the harvester performance. (paper)

No abstract available

No abstract available

[en] Two-dimensionnal (2D) radiation hydrodynamics codes are the workhorses with which current inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and high energy density (HED) experiments are most often prepared and analyzed. Yet significant scientific and programmatic benefits can be gained from a 3D capability. The TROLL code at CEA DAM is meant to address this need. This article illustrates the phases of integrated verification and physical validation through which this project is currently progressing. (paper)

[en] Since the operational commissioning of the LMJ in October 2014, with the first bundle of eight beams, several experimental campaigns have been achieved. They have proven the good performance of LMJ and demonstrated its aptitudes to achieve experiments for the Simulation Program. Six experimental configurations have been defined during the ramp-up of LMJ till the completion of the facility with 176 beams and more than 30 diagnostics. This gradual phase permit to explore some of the experimental topics of the Simulation program: hohlraum energetics, radiation transport, fundamental data, implosion hydrodynamics, hydrodynamic instabilities, and fusion studies. To complete the experimental capabilities of LMJ, a PW beam, PETAL, has been added to the LMJ’s beams. PETAL offers a combination of a very high intensity multi-petawatt beam, synchronized with the nanosecond beams of the LMJ. This combination expands the LMJ experimental field in high energy density physics (HEDP). LMJ-PETAL is open to the academic communities for 20%–30% of the operating time; the first experiments have been performed in 2017. (paper)

[en] Calculations show that despite recent claims, the mass-dependent contribution to the vacuum energy density of the fermion field in a Friedmann universe will be negligible compared with the background energy density

[en] Interplay between the dependence of symmetry energy on density and the variation of nucleonic densities across nuclear surface is discussed. That interplay gives rise to the mass dependence of the symmetry coefficient in an energy formula. Charge symmetry of the nuclear interactions allows to introduce isoscalar and isovector densities that are approximately independent of the magnitude of neutron-proton asymmetry. (author)

[en] The wide use of portable electronics urgently requires better batteries featuring high energy density, good safety, and biodegradability. Although sugar-powered enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs) could be next-generation, environmentally friendly, micropower sources, they suffer from incomplete oxidation of the sugar fuels and an inability to utilize mixed sugars, which causes the low efficiency of fuel utilization and limits the choice of fuels. In this study, we designed an in vitro 15-enzyme pathway that can co-utilize sucrose, glucose, and fructose in the anodic compartment of EFCs. The EFCs achieved Faraday efficiencies of approximately 95% for these three sugars, suggesting that the fuels were completely oxidized, and yielded a maximum power density of 0.80–1.08 mW cm⁻². In addition, EFCs based on this versatile enzymatic pathway were capable of running on mixed sugars, such as commercial soft drinks. These results offer a possible solution for the extraction of the maximum energy stored in mixed sugar fuels and the achievement of high energy densities for EFCs; these EFCs offer good substrate flexibility and commercial potential.

[en] The problems addressed in this paper include estimating: the energy density of luminous silicon balls, the density range of a natural lightning ball, and whether and how the object created and described in the commented paper (Usp. Fiz. Nauk 180 218 (2010) [Phys. Usp. 53 (2) 209 (2010)]) corresponds to the natural phenomenon. (letters to the editors)