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Balce, Guillermo R.
Department of Energy, Makati City (Philippines)
Department of Energy, Makati City (Philippines)
AbstractAbstract
[en] Focus on ocean, solar and wind energy resources is emphasized in the proposed program as the means to achieve the goal of converting the Philippines into an energy exporter in the future. A nationwide assessment of the availability of these renewable resources for large-scale energy generation is first in the series of activities proposed. Establishment of a renewable energy resource administration system expected to open up wide opportunities for private sector participation. A center for renewable energy development and application is envisioned to provide leadership and technical guidance. Short-term targets include: a) establishment of solar manufacturing plants in the country; b) extensive application of solar energy systems such as solar water heaters, solar pumps and solar refrigerators; c) piloting of one megawatt tidal current plant in an appropriate site such as in San Bernardino Strait, Hinatuan Passage and Basiao Channel; and d) design and packaging of power plants for specific areas identified through accurate resource assessment. Long-term targets include: a) establishment of an Asian power grid; b) establishment of an Asian power market centered in the Philippines; c) construction of large-scale ocean, solar and wind power plants; and d) establishment of manufacturing industries for various facets of ocean, solar and wind power systems. Development of ocean, solar and wind energy systems would provide the Philippines the technological and economic advantage to approach the goal of becoming an energy exporter in the future. If the pole-vaulting program is seriously pursued from now, the Philippines would have the superiority in energy technology and resource availability twenty years hence when neighboring countries would start feeling the problem of dwindling fossil fuels that they have in abundance at present. (author)
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1997; 12 p; Also available from PNRI Library, Quezon City, Philippines; Paper presented during the S and T celebration, Symposium on Energy, 23 Oct 1997, Dusit Hotel Nikko, Makati City (PH).
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AbstractAbstract
[en] Some aspects inherent the prospective uses of solar energy as renewable energy source are here addressed with particular reference to the technical and economical aspects affecting its use of today and tomorrow. It emerges that neither technical nor availability limitation exist for the extensive use of that primary energy source, but only limitations of economical nature that are indeed under resolution with the installation volumes increase
[it]
Nell'articolo vengono esaminati alcuni aspetti inerenti le prospettive dell'energia solare quale fonte rinnovabile, con particolare riguardo a quelli tecnologici ed economici che ne condizionano l'impiego odierno e futuro. Emerge che non esistono ne limitazioni tecnologiche ne di diponibilita all'impiego esteso di questa fonte primaria, ma solamente limitazioni di ordine economico che potrebbero essere superate da una adeguata transizione ad una economia di scalaOriginal Title
Il ruolo del solare nel futuro panorama energetico
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Journal Article
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Energia (Roma); ISSN 0392-7911;
; v. 4; p. 60-70

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Lopez, P.L.
National Power Corporation, Quezon City (Philippines)
National Power Corporation, Quezon City (Philippines)
AbstractAbstract
[en] The present policy on energy development is geared towards harnessing renewable and indigenous energy resource which can offer clean, abundant and efficient power supply for the country. a review of the current generation mix of the power system, especially the Luzon grid will establish a high dependency in imported fuel - oil and coal to power our generating plants. Thus, the policy of reducing dependence on imported fuel will depend largely on the success of tapping the alternative renewable and indigenous sources. The sustainable development era of the 90's brought fresh interest on the performance and commercial viability of indigenous and/or renewable sources of energy such as wind, solar, geothermal, natural gas and water power or hydropower. Among these alternative renewable sources, water or hydropower is the most readily available, and will produce clean domestic source of electricity - no carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrous oxide or any other air emissions. The potential is available in most parts of the country that are mountainous and have high rainfall. In terms of production, hydropower leads as the most developed and more proven in terms of commercial viability. It is also more reliable, efficient and less expensive than geothermal, biomass, wind and solar energy, as will be shown later. (author)
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1997; [19 p.]; Also available from PNRI Library, Quezon City, Philippines; Paper presented during the S and T celebration, Symposium on Energy, 23 Oct 1997, Dusit Hotel Nikko, Makati City (PH).
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Elmet, Henn; Tiit, Valdur
Investigation and usage of renewable energy sources. First conference proceedings
Investigation and usage of renewable energy sources. First conference proceedings
AbstractAbstract
[en] Full text: The principles of sustainable lifestyle that are based on natural balance spread nowadays more and more widely. The broad use of renewable energy sources enables to meet the population's need for energy, keeping at the same time our life environment clean. These principles must also be followed at the development of Estonian economy, taking into consideration the responsibilities of the present generation to the following ones. It means that we are obliged to protect healthy environment and to preserve our resources for the sake of the whole world. We have to behave in such a way that we would not decrease our descendants' hope for a happy life neither in the close nor in the further future. The sphere of activity of the Estonian Agricultural University is very broad, including to a smaller or greater extent everything that is connected with farming and forestry. For decades we have successfully developed scientific research on forestry and educated a lot of good workers. Many of them work successfully in the enterprises that are connected with timber fuel, using thus raw material that is energetically renewable and implementing the principles of sustainable development. As the initiators and to a certain extent also organisers of the present conference we would especially like to stress that the role of our University both in the use of renewable sources of energy and the production of energetic raw material is constantly growing. Due to the change of the economic situation it is not reasonable to produce as much foodstuffs as ten year ago in Estonia. On the spare land it is possible to grow plants that store solar energy and that enable to produce different biofuels. During summer approximately 5 mln kWh of solar energy fall on one hectare of land in our conditions. Taking into account the efficiency of plants and the cost of production we might receive a couple of tons of diesel fuel as so-called pure receipts. As the area of unused farmland is at present approximately 300 thousand hectares, it would provide Estonia with a remarkable share of the annual consumption of liquid fuel. The money would thereby remain in Estonia to support local life. The direct possibilities of using solar energy to produce heat for enterprises and private houses are studied at the Estonian Agricultural University. We also participate in several undertakings that are connected with the use of water power as Estonia has small natural potential and also this source of energy has a remarkable local importance. We consider extremely perspective a greater use of wind energy, incl. using also small generators that may be located at farms and agricultural enterprises in very many different places all over Estonia. The necessary equipment should be worked out and produced, even partially, in Estonia. We also participate in the preparations for taking in use big wind generators in the more windy regions of Estonia, training specialists, collecting and spreading information and participating in different discussions. We consider that a wider use of renewable energy sources requires continual political and economic support of the state. It is necessary to teach and motivate young people at Estonian higher schools and vocational schools (if necessary, also abroad) to work in the perspective field of renewable energetics. We consider it extremely necessary to broaden the possibilities of carrying out research and experimental work on renewable energetics through the support of Estonian Science Foundation grants, purpose oriented financing and national programmes. The Estonian Agricultural University has a firm desire and the potential to participate in these activities more actively and with better results than before. We consider that Estonia needs intelligentsia with excellent modem technical education who would be able to and desire to work creatively in the field of renewable energetics. The small size of Estonia offers us good opportunities to develop tight co-operation with all the interested institutions and people. We hope that for the time of the next conference already the Estonian Renewable Energetics Council will be established to fulfil this task successfully. We have also good conditions to develop mutually useful international co-operation. The Estonian Agricultural University is pleased that we could give our share to the success of the conference that took place in our beautiful new main building in Tartu and that we could support the publishing of the present transactions. We hope that we are also in the future able to give our contribution for the development of renewable energetics
Original Title
Taastuvenergeetika arendamiseks on vaja teadmisi, oskusi ja koostootahet
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Tiit, Valdur (ed.) (Estonian Agricultural Univ., Tartu (Estonia)); 123 p; ISBN 9985-882-63-6;
; 2000; p. 7-9; Investigation and usage of renewable energy sources; Taastuvate energiaallikate uurimine ja kasutamine; Tartu (Estonia); 4 Nov 1999

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AbstractAbstract
[en] This research paper is about the depletion of Energy resources being a huge problem facing the world at this time. As available energy sources are coming to a shortage and measures are be taken in order to conserve the irreplaceable energy resources that leads to sustainability and fair use of energy sources for future generations. Alternative energy sources are being sought; however no other energy source is able to provide even a fraction of energy as that of fossil fuels. Use of the alternative energy resources like wind corridors (Sindh and Baluchistan), fair use of Hydro energy (past monsoon flooding can produce enough energy that may available for next century). Uranium Resources which are enough for centuries energy production in Pakistan (Dhok Pathan Formation) lying in Siwalick series from Pliocene to Pleistocene. Among all of these, my focus is about energy from mineral fuels like Uranium from Sandstone hosted deposits in Pakistan (Siwalik Series in Pakistan). A number of uranium bearing mineralized horizons are present in the upper part of the Dhok Pathan Formation. These horizons have secondary uranium mineral carnotite and other ores. Uranium mineralization is widely distributed throughout the Siwaliks The purpose of this paper was to introduce the use of alternative energy sources in Pakistan which are present in enough amounts by nature. Pakistan is blessed with wealth of natural resources. Unfortunately, Pakistan is totally depending on non renewable energy resource. There are three main types of fossil fuels: coal, oil and natural gas. After food, fossil fuel is humanity's most important source of energy. Pakistan is among the most gas dependent economies of the world. Use of fossil fuel for energy will not only increase the demand of more fossils but it has also extreme effects on climate as well as direct and indirect effects to humans. These entire remedial thinking can only be possible if you try to use alternative energy resources rather than fossil fuels. (author)
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Khan, M.A.; Syed, A.S.; Chohan, G.Y. (eds.); International Islamic University, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Islamabad (Pakistan); 427 p; 2011; p. 364-369; International Conference on Power Generation Systems Technologies; Islamabad (Pakistan); 29 Nov - 2 Dec 2010
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The actual energy demand in Italy is met only in part by means of hydropower, as the available resources are almost entirely exploited. Italy is therefore obliged to import energy from far countries, in form of fossil fuel, that gives rise to serious outcomes due to the emission of undesirable gas in the environment. According to some recent evaluations conducted by the Ministry of Environment and the Agency for Alternative Energy (ENEA), the situation could improve in the year 2020 if the demand would reduce and the use of clean-energy increase. However, such an ambitious programme require to invest in ten years more than 100.000 billion Liras and the overall fuel consumption will only partially, decrease. To look at the problem in a broader view, taking into account that a drastic demand reduction is unthinkable, new resources, preferably non-polluting, must be identified. An energy source, still unexploited, is that of River Congo at the Inga falls, where the estimated potential is of 270 GWh, namely of the same order of the total energy consumed in Italy in 1997. Because such an energy cannot be conveyed to Italy by means of electric lines, it must be transformed into a vector suitable of an easier transportation: this could be the hydrogen
[it]
Il fabbisogno energetico italiano viene attualmente soddisfatto solo in parte con le risorse di origine idroelettrica, ormai quasi completamente utilizzate; siamo quindi obbligati ad importare energia dall'estero che ci arriva per lo piu' da Paesi lontani, e sotto forma di idrocarburi combustibili, con gravi conseguenze per la immissione nell'ambiente di gas indesiderabili. Secondo studi presentati recentemente dal Ministero dell'Ambiente e dall'ENEA, si potrebbe avere nel 2020 un miglioramento della situazione con riduzione dei consumi ed un maggior uso di energia pulita; tale ambizioso programma richiederebbe pero' un investimento in 10 anni di ben 100.000 miliardi di lire, solo parzialmente compensato con un minore consumo di combustibile. Se si vuol vedere pero' la prospettiva con maggiore respiro, non potendo immaginare di ridurre troppo il fabbisogno energetico, occorre trovare nuove risorse, preferibilmente non inquinanti. Una fonte di energia ancora non utilizzata e' quella idroelettrica, in corrispondenza del salto di Inga sul fiume Congo in Africa, la sua producibilita' idroelettrica, pari a circa 270 GWh, e' dello stesso ordine di grandezza del consumo di energia elettrica in italia nel 1997. Non essendo possibile trasportare questa energia in Italia per linea elettrica, si dovrebbe trasformarla in un vettore che potrebbe essere l'idrogeno, piu' facilmente trasportabileOriginal Title
Riduzione dell'inquinamento mediante l'utilizzazione dell'energia idroelettrica ancora disponibile nel mondo
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Journal Article
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Acqua (Rome); ISSN 1125-1255;
; v. 3; p. 7-12

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Ahmadov, F.; Hojiev, A.
Book of Abstracts of the International Conference ''Mountain Regions of Central Asia: Problems of Sustainable Development''
Book of Abstracts of the International Conference ''Mountain Regions of Central Asia: Problems of Sustainable Development''
AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
Original Title
Gelioustanovka s estestvennoy tsirkulyatsiyey dlya gornikh usloviy
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Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe (Tajikistan); Ministry of Education of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe (Tajikistan); Tajik Technical University, Dushanbe (Tajikistan); 344 p; 1999; p. 209; International Conference ''Mountain Regions of Central Asia: Problems of Sustainable Development''; Mezhdunarodnaya konferentsiya ''Gorniye regioni tsentral'noy azii: problemi ustoychivogo razvitiya''; Dushanbe (Tajikistan); 28-30 Sep 1999; Available from the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan
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Miscellaneous
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The distinction between unconventional renewable energy resources is elaborated. Further, general and specific properties of unconventional energy resources are concisely recapitulated; also comparison is made to conventional energy resources. Exact data are brought forth, investment and operative costs are discussed which illustrate some properties of unconventional energy resources. Overview of obligations of different countries is given as well, which derive from the EC directive on renewable energy resources. At the end, a critical view on renewable energy resources in the Strategy of energy development of Croatia is given.(author)
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Granic, G.; Jelavic, B; 182 p; ISBN 953-7096-04-1;
; 2006; p. 161-172; 15. Forum: Energy Day in Croatia: Energy Policy Scenarios to 2050; Zagreb (Croatia); 24 Nov 2006; 7 tabs.

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[en] Geothermal energy comes from the superficial layers of the Earth's crust; it can be exploited in several ways, depending on its temperature. Many systems have been developed to use this clean and renewable energy resource. This paper deals with a particular application of low enthalpy geothermal energy in Latisana (district of Udine NE, Italy). The Latisana's indoor stadium is equipped with geothermal plant that uses low temperature water (29-300) to provide heating. Economic analysis shows that the cost of its plant is comparable to the cost powered by other kinds of renewable energy resources
Original Title
Impiego della geotermia a bassa entalpia. Il caso del Palazzetto dello sport di Latisana (UD)
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Journal Article
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Ambiente Risorse Salute; ISSN 0393-0521;
; v. 114; p. 79-84

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AbstractAbstract
[en] Europe's increasing demand for energy and its environmental preoccupations are creating a favourable environment for the development of renewable energy sources. This article stated that although many European countries have adopted voluntary policies since the 1990s to increase the use of renewable energy sources, they have not been developed in an equal or consistent manner. A table was included to show the consumption of renewable energies by country; the percentage of renewable energies in 1995 as compared to 2006; and the consumption of primary energy resources. Combined, Germany, Spain and Denmark produce 75 per cent of wind energy in Europe, while 75 per cent of Europe's hydroelectricity is produced in Norway, Sweden, France, Italy, Austria and Switzerland. Germany has also made significant contributions in developing biomass energy. The article emphasized that the development of renewable energy sources is limited by the fact that it cannot keep up with growing energy demands. In addition, renewable energies cannot yet replace all fossil fuel consumption in Europe because of the variation in development from one country to another. 1 ref., 2 tabs., 4 figs.
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Les energies renouvelables en Europe
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