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Zarkawi, Moutaz
Atomic Energy Commission, Damascus (Syrian Arab Republic)1993
Atomic Energy Commission, Damascus (Syrian Arab Republic)1993
AbstractAbstract
[en] The article reviews principles, requirements and reliability criteria of radioimmunoassay (RIA). Since basic reactions involved in RIA and related techniques are derived from reactions which take place in the immune system (IS) of humans and animals, the IS and the way it works will be described. In addition to RIA which involves the use of isotopes as tracers (labels), other non-radioisotopic and recent immunoassay techniques i.e. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and fluoroimmunoassay (FIA) will be dealt with. Some important and related terms will be defined and explained. (author). 59 refs., 4 figs
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Apr 1993; 42 p
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Report
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[en] A list of products of URVJT (Institute of Radioecology and Application of Nuclear Techniques) in Kosice is given. It includes RIA diagnostic kits, RIA radioindicators, ELISA kits, and OKB diagnostic kits. (Z.S)
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Vyrobny sortiment URVJT, o.z
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English translation available from Nuclear Information Center, 156 16 Prague-Zbraslav, Czech Republic, at USD 10.- per typewritten page.
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Journal Article
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Imunoanalyza; CODEN IMUNEB; v. 3(1); p. 53-58
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[en] The determination of thyrotropin(TSH) is useful in diagnosis of thyroid diseases. And the widely-used method for the determination of thyrotropin is radioimmunoassay so far because of its sensitivity. But its radiohazard and relatively short half-life of isotopes necessitates alternative methods. So many novel non-isotopic immunoassays are developed and now replacing RIA in routine laboratory measurements. We evaluated the enhanced chemiluminescence enzymeimmunoassay (Amerlite, Amersham International plc., U.K.) for the determination of serum TSH. We got good precision result with control sera. Within-assay and between-assay precision revealed less than 10%(C.V.) respectively. And comparision with CLEIA to RIA showed good correlation (y=0.648x + 0.170, r=0.978, y=value of CLEIA, x=values of RIA, n=35). We also got good correlation between singletons and duplicates result from 35 patients sera (y=0.967x + 0.0281, r=0.997, y=values of singletons, x=values of duplicates). We concluded that CLEIA is vary reliable and economic method for the determination of human TSH substitutive for RIA because of its precision and unnecessary duplicate measurements. (Author)
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Journal Article
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Journal of Clinical Pathology and Quality Control; v. 11(1); p. 105-109
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Liang, Ashley Paula; Drazick, Anthony Thomas; Gao, Hongbo; Li, Yifan, E-mail: yifan.li@usd.edu2018
AbstractAbstract
[en] Highlights: • Ex vivo incubation of freshly isolated mouse skeletal in a physiological condition showed inducible secretion of myokines. • IL-6 secretion was only induced from slow oxidative muscle soleus but not from fast glycolytic muscle EDL. • EDL has secretory function with different secretome pattern from soleus. • This is the first evidence that skeletal muscle secretion of myokines is muscle type specific. Emerging evidence indicates that skeletal muscle possesses endocrine function to secret myokines. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a well-characterized myokine that is involved in regulation of metabolism and muscle function. Metabolism type and contractile dynamics vary in different muscle types. It is not clear, however, if IL-6 secretion differs in different muscle types. In this study, we first established an ex vivo approach to test the inducible muscle secretion. Freshly isolated muscles were incubated in Krebs solution at 37 °C with oxygen supply. Secreted IL-6 in the incubation media was measure using Western blot and ELISA assay. We first confirmed that the IL-6 release was inducible by treating the incubated muscle with a cytokine stimulant. We demonstrated that physiological temperature (37 °C) and O2 supply were essential for the induction of IL-6 release from the incubated muscle, suggesting it is a controlled secretion rather than a spontaneous leak. Using this approach, we found that IL-6 release was only inducible from soleus muscle but not EDL muscle. We further showed that IL-6 protein level was higher in slow oxidative muscle fibers. Moreover, we showed that EDL, although lacks of IL-6 release, surely has inducible secretory function that had different secretory pattern from soleus.
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S0006291X18319600; Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.042; Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications; ISSN 0006-291X;
; CODEN BBRCA9; v. 505(1); p. 146-150

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[en] Highlights: • Allethrin and prallethrin are implicated in modulation of airway mucin secretion. • Allethrin and prallethrin induce MUC5AC expression. • Allethrin and prallethrin induce MUC5AC expression via ROS. Pyrethroids, including allethrin and prallethrin, have been widely used as major components of the common commercial insecticides. The toxicity of allethrin and prallethrin were well established that it interfered with the way that the nerves and brain function. However, limited information was available regarding respiratory effects in humans following inhalation exposure to allethrin and prallethrin. Therefore, we demonstrated effect of allethrin and prallethrin, and the mechanism involved, on the mucin expressions in human airway epithelial cells. In human airway NCI-H292 epithelial cells, the effects of allethrin and prallethrin and its signaling pathway for airway mucin, especially MUC5AC, were investigated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time PCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mechanism of allethrin and prallethrin-induced MUC5AC expression in airway epithelial cells was studied in terms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by flow cytometry analysis. Allethrin and prallethrin significant increased MUC5AC expression in human airway NCI-H292 epithelial cells. We also demonstrated allethrin and prallethrin induced a marked rise of ROS production. In addition, NAC (ROS scavenger) and DPI (NADPH oxidase inhibitor) inhibited allethrin and prallethrin-induced MUC5AC expression. These results are first to describe that allethrin and prallethrin-induced MUC5AC expression through ROS in human airway epithelial cells.
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S0006291X18313342; Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.06.022; Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications; ISSN 0006-291X;
; CODEN BBRCA9; v. 503(1); p. 316-322

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[en] Highlights: • The one-year cure rate was significantly higher in sputum negative patients after 2-months intensive therapy. • Four potential biomarkers were found for evaluating the efficacy of 2-months intensive therapy in TB patients. • CO7 and ANGT could serve as potential biomarkers to evaluate the bacteriological condition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis after intensive therapy. This research aimed to discover potential biomarkers for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of intensive therapy in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Protein profiles in 2-months intensively treated TB patients, untreated TB patients, and healthy controls were investigated with iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS technique. 71 differential proteins were identified in 2-months intensively treated TB patients. Significant differences in complement component C7 (CO7), apolipoprotein A-IV (APOA4), apolipoprotein C-II (APOC2), and angiotensinogen (ANGT) were found by ELISA validation. CO7 and ANGT were also found significantly different in sputum negative patients, compared with sputum positive patients after intensive treatment. Clinical analysis showed that after 2-months intensive treatment several indicators were significantly changed, and the one-year cure rate of sputum negative patients were significantly higher than sputum positive patients. Diagnostic models consisting of APOC2, CO7 and APOA4 were established to distinguish intensively treated TB patients from untreated TB patients and healthy controls with the AUC value of 0.910 and 0.935. Meanwhile, ANGT and CO7 were combined to identify sputum negative and sputum positive TB patients after intensive treatment with 89.36% sensitivity, 71.43% specificity, and the AUC value of 0.853. The results showed that APOC2, CO7, APOA4, and ANGT may be potential biomarkers for evaluating the efficacy of intensive anti-TB therapy.
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S0006291X18314669; Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.06.147; Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications; ISSN 0006-291X;
; CODEN BBRCA9; v. 503(4); p. 2263-2270

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[en] Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic and slowly progressive cholestatic liver disease of autoimmune etiology. A number of questions regarding its etiology are unclear. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in self-tolerance and, for unknown reasons, their relative number is reduced in PBC patients. B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) is a key survival factor during B-cell maturation and its concentration is increased in peripheral blood of PBC patients. It has been reported that activated B cells inhibit Treg cell proliferation and there are no BAFF receptors on Tregs. Therefore, we speculated that excessive BAFF may result in Treg reduction via B cells. To prove our hypothesis, we isolated Tregs and B cells from PBC and healthy donors. BAFF and IgM concentrations were then analyzed by ELISA and CD40, CD80, CD86, IL-10, and TGF-β expression in B cells and Tregs were measured by flow cytometry. BAFF up-regulated CD40, CD80, CD86, and IgM expression in B cells. However, BAFF had no direct effect on Treg cell apoptosis and cytokine secretion. Nonetheless, we observed that BAFF-activated B cells could induce Treg cell apoptosis and reduce IL-10 and TGF-β expression. We also showed that BAFF-activated CD4+ T cells had no effect on Treg apoptosis. Furthermore, we verified that bezafibrate, a hypolipidemic drug, can inhibit BAFF-induced Treg cell apoptosis. In conclusion, BAFF promotes Treg cell apoptosis and inhibits cytokine production by activating B cells in PBC patients. The results of this study suggest that inhibition of BAFF activation is a strategy for PBC treatment
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Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X20132665; Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3854395; PMCID: PMC3854395; PMID: 23681290; OAI: oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3854395; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research; ISSN 0100-879X;
; v. 46(5); p. 433-439

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[en] Recently, it is found that T-helper (Th) 22 cells are involved in different types of autoimmune and tumor diseases. But, till now, no study has been carried out to understand the involvement of these cells in cervical cancer (CC). Flow cytometry was used to determine the expression of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin-22 (IL-22), IL-17 in the peripheral blood of healthy controls (HC), CIN and cervical cancer patients. From peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), mRNA expression levels of Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), RAR-related orphan receptor C (RORC), TNF-α and IL-6 were respectively determined. Using the method of ELISA, plasma concentrations of IL-22, IL-17 and TNF-α were examined. Th22 and Th17 cells were elevated in CC and CIN patients. Th1 cells and the plasma concentrations of IL-22 in CC patients were significantly increased compared with HC. In CC patients, an increased prevalence of Th22 cells was associated with lymph node metastases. There was a positive correlation between Th22 and Th17 cells, but an approximately negative correlation between Th22 and Th1 cells in CC patients. The mRNA expression of RORC, TNF-α and IL-6 was significantly high in CC patients. Our results indicate that there is a higher circulatory frequency of Th22, Th17 and Th1 cells in CC which may conjointly participate in the pathogenesis and growth of CC
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Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1767-y; Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4609069; PMCID: PMC4609069; PMID: 26474968; PUBLISHER-ID: 1767; OAI: oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4609069; Copyright (c) Zhang et al. 2015; Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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BMC cancer (Online); ISSN 1471-2407;
; v. 15; vp

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[en] The authors studies 23 chronic carriers of HBsAg, to classify them in terms of sorology, histopathologic findings and behaviour of markers HBsAg and HBcAg in hepatic tissue. Immunohistochemical techniques were used to establish possible relations between these parameters. Among patients with positive HBeAg found all exhibited HBcAg in hepatic tissue, but in 16 patients in which HBeAg was negative, liver HBcAg was positive in 3 cases (18.7%). No correlation was found between the HBeAg system/anti-HBe and histopathologic findings because chronic active hepatitis was observed in 6/8 anti-HBe positive patients (75%). These findings suggest that, the evaluation of chronic carriers of HBsAg, requires a histologic analysis of the liver, including a tissue research for the virus in addition to a complete sorologic study of HBV. (author)
Original Title
Relacao entre marcadores do virus da hepatite B (VHB) no soro e no tecido hepatico em pacientes portadores cronicos do HBsAg
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[en] To asses the efficacy of commercially available tests device method for anti HCV detection. Methods: Total 2000 blood samples for detection of anti HCV were screened initially by immuno chromatographic method. Those found positive on initial screening were re-tested by ELISA method at the Biochemistry Laboratory of the Pakistan Medical Research Council, Fatima Jinnah Medical College, Lahore. Results: Out of a total of 2,000 blood samples, 177 were found to be initially reactive/positive for anti-HCV with immuno chromatographic method. When these reactive/positive samples were retested for confirmation with ELISA, 47 blood samples were found to have tested falsely positive for anti-HCV. Overall 2.35% of blood samples were found to be tested false positive for anti-HCV by immuno chromatographic device method. Conclusions: Immuno chromatographic device method test is rapid and simple, which can be used in setting with limited facility when rapid testing is required. However it should not be used as sole criteria for diagnosis but should serve the purpose of initial screening only. Further research is required to establish the reliability of such devices for their specificity and sensitivity. (author)
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JAMC. Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan; ISSN 1025-9589;
; v. 21(3); p. 38-39

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