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AbstractAbstract
[en] The article presents a status report on standardisation efforts in the field of hardness testing, with particular regard to the Vickers hardness test. Here, standardisation work was carried out under German leadership in SSO/TC 164?SC 3. Further, information is presented on the Brinell and Rockwell hardness tests and on universal hardness
Original Title
Situation auf dem Gebiet der Normung der Haertepruefverfahren fuer metallische Werkstoffe
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AbstractAbstract
[en] It was shown that for boron carbide the law of similarity of Kick is valid in impression diagonals in the range of 11 to 14 μm. With 3,350 +- 150 kp/mm2 the maximum hardness of boron carbide, according to Knoop as well as according to Vickers, corresponds to these impression diagonals. In case of impression diagonals exceeding 14 μm or being less than 11 μm the exponential function P = a x dsup(n) is satisfied with Meyer's exponents of n < 2 or n > 2. By graphically extrapolating the straight line according to Meyer with gradients n = 1.4 (Vickers) or n = 1.7 (Knoop), which characterizes the decrease of hardness with the increasing load a value of FK 100 and FV 34 of 1,300 p as indication of hardness is obtained. The range of homogeneity Bsub(4 + x)C as well as the grain size have no perceptible influence on hardness determination of boron carbide. (orig.)
[de]
Es wurde gezeigt, dass fuer Borcarbid die Gueltigkeit des Kickschen Aehnlichkeitsgesetzes bei Eindrucksdiagonalen im Bereich zwischen 11 und 14 μm als gegeben gilt. Bei diesen Eindrucksdiagonalen liegt auch die maximale Haerte des Borcarbids sowohl noch Knoop als auch nach Vickers mit 3.350 +- 150 kp/mm2. Fuer Eindrucksdiagonalen groesser 14 μm bzw. kleiner 11 μm wird das Potenzgesetz P = a x dsup(n) erfuellt mit Meyerschen Exponenten von n < 2 bzw. n > 2. Durch graphische Extrapolation der den Abfall der Haerte mit zunehmender Belastung kennzeichnenden Meyerschen Geraden mit den Steigungen n = 1,4 (Vickers) bzw. n = 1,7 (Knoop) wird als Haertekennzeichnung ein FK 100- und FV 34-Wert von 1.300 Pond erhalten. Die Existenzbreite Bsub(4 + x)C sowie die Korngroesse haben keinen merklichen Einfluss auf die Haertebestimmung des Borcarbids. (orig.)Original Title
Haerte und Haertebestimmung von nichtmetallischen Hartstoffen. T. 1
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7 figs.; 40 refs.
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Journal Article
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Berichte der Deutschen Keramischen Gesellschaft e.V; v. 52(11); p. 335-338
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Rezakhanlou, R.
Electricite de France (EDF), 92 - Clamart (France)1993
Electricite de France (EDF), 92 - Clamart (France)1993
AbstractAbstract
[en] During the service life, the mechanical properties of the PWR components change. It is necessary to determine precisely this evolution, but it is not always possible to draw a sample with the adequate size for the characterization. For this latter case we intend to calculate the stress-strain curve of a material from a hardness test results, because it is appropriate for testing on site and do not need any particular sample shape. This paper is the first bibliographical part of a larger study on the relation between the values measured during a hardness test (applied load, indentation diameter) and the mechanical properties of a solid obtained by a traction test. We have treated the problem within the general setting of two solids in contact. Thus, we expose general elastic, elasto-plastic and plastic models describing the indentation of a solid by a rigid indenter
Original Title
L'essai de durete: un essai mecanique a part entiere
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Feb 1993; 29 p
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Report
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The typical voltage comparator circuits are considered. Shown that the use of series- parallel connection of cascades improves the accuracy, speed and hardness to single event transient effects. (paper)
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1. international telecommunication conference on advanced micro- and nanoelectronic systems and technologies; Moscow (Russian Federation); 22-23 Dec 2015; Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/151/1/012027; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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IOP Conference Series. Materials Science and Engineering (Online); ISSN 1757-899X;
; v. 151(1); [4 p.]

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Riester, L
Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States). Funding organisation: US Department of Energy (United States)2001
Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States). Funding organisation: US Department of Energy (United States)2001
AbstractAbstract
[en] The present work shows how data obtained in a depth-sensing indentation test using a Knoop indenter may be analyzed to provide elastic modulus and hardness of the specimen material. The method takes into account the elastic recovery along the direction of the short axis of the residual impression as the indenter is removed. If elastic recovery is not accounted for, the elastic modulus and hardness are overestimated by an amount that depends on the ratio of E/H of the specimen material. The new method of analysis expresses the elastic recovery of the short diagonal of the residual impression into an equivalent face angle for one side of the Knoop indenter. Conventional methods of analysis using this corrected angle provide results for modulus and hardness that are consistent with those obtained with other types of indenters
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1 May 2001; [vp.]; AC05-00OR22725; Available from Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (US)
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Report
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AbstractAbstract
[en] To study the effects of zirconium (Zr) addition on the microstructure, hardness and the tensile properties of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic-martensitic steels, two kinds of 9Cr-ODS ferritic-martensitic steels with nominal compositions (wt.%) of Fe-9Cr-2W-0.3Y_2O-3 and Fe-9Cr-2W-0.3Zr-0.3Y_2O_3 were fabricated by the mechanical alloying (MA) of premixed powders and then consolidated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) techniques. The experimental results showed that the average grain size decreases with Zr addition. The trigonal δ-phase Y_4Zr_3O_1_2 oxides and body-centered cubic Y_2O_3 oxides are formed in the 9Cr-Zr-ODS steel and 9Cr non-Zr ODS steel, respectively, and the average size of Y_4Zr_3O_1_2 particles is much smaller than that of Y_2O_3. The dispersion morphology of the oxide particles in 9Cr-Zr-ODS steel is significantly improved and the number density is 1.1 x 10"2"3/m"3 with Zr addition. The 9Cr-Zr-ODS steel shows much higher tensile ductility, ultimate tensile strength and Vickers hardness at the same time
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41 refs, 15 figs, 2 tabs
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Journal Article
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Nuclear Engineering and Technology; ISSN 1738-5733;
; v. 49(1); p. 178-188

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AbstractAbstract
[en] The change of hardness and structure of the zirconium surface after laser modification in air has been analyzed. The dependences of the hardness parameters and the nature of the surface structure on the laser processing regimes were determined. The hardness of the hard-facing layer of zirconium was increased to 25–34 GPa. (paper)
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Saint Petersburg OPEN 2018: 5. International School and Conference on Optoelectronics, Photonics, Engineering and Nanostructures; Saint Petersburg (Russian Federation); 2-5 Apr 2018; Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1124/8/081042; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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Journal of Physics. Conference Series (Online); ISSN 1742-6596;
; v. 1124(8); [4 p.]

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AbstractAbstract
[en] Twelve steel works laboratories took part in the experimental programme carried out on the systematic study of the hardness-strength relationship for very diverse ranges of steels. The Rm strength regressions were calculated in terms of the Brinell and Vickers hardness numbers
[fr]
Douze laboratoires d'usines siderurgiques ont participe au programme experimental entrepris sur l'etude systematique de la relation durete-resistance pour des gammes d'aciers tres divers. Les regressions des resistances Rm ont ete calculees en fonction des duretes de Brinell et VickersOriginal Title
Conversion durete-resistance a la traction
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4. International symposium on the development of the investigation methods for metals; Saint-Etienne (France); 23-25 Nov 1982
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Journal Article
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Conference
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Metaux, Corrosion, Industries; ISSN 0026-1084;
; v. 59(690); p. 69-74

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AbstractAbstract
[en] Short-fibre-reinforced resin composite has been recently proposed as a potential substructure in restorative dentistry. This study aimed to analyze the effect of short-fibre-reinforced resin composite (SFRC) thickness and curing time on its hardness and depth of cure (DoC). Twenty-four specimens of SFRC (EverX Posterior™) were prepared in cylindrical molds of 6 mm diameter and two different thicknesses (4 and 5 mm; n = 12 each). Each thickness group was cured with 2-mm light-curing distance at an irradiance of 800 mW/cm2 for 25 and 30 s (n = 6 each). Hardness was measured by Vickers hardness test, and DoC was obtained by calculating the hardness ratio of the bottom-to-top surface (%). Data were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. In conclusion, the thickness and curing time had significant effect on the hardness and DoC of SFRC as a substructure. (paper)
Source
2. Physics and Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry Symposium; Depok (Indonesia); 18 Jul 2018; Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1073/5/052004; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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Journal of Physics. Conference Series (Online); ISSN 1742-6596;
; v. 1073(5); [10 p.]

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AbstractAbstract
[en] The authors develop the methods of hard-facing of mining-metallurgic equipment parts with heat-resisting high-hardness steels on the base of plasma-jet hard-facing in the shielding-alloying nitrogen atmosphere. (paper)
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7. international scientific practical conference on innovative technologies in engineering; Yurga (Russian Federation); 19-21 May 2016; Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/142/1/012012; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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IOP Conference Series. Materials Science and Engineering (Online); ISSN 1757-899X;
; v. 142(1); [5 p.]

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