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AbstractAbstract
[en] Several studies have shown variation between individuals in radiosensitivity. A person could have a high level of cytogenetic indicator because of high exposure or high susceptibility. To relate spontaneous cytogenetic end-points to dose it is advisable to have a measure of both the spontaneous level and of induced susceptibility. These end points need to be compared in irradiated persons who have developed cancer versus those who have not, as a guide to what end points are appropriate for susceptibility to radiogenic cancer. The use of inbred rodent strains may not be appropriate to derive specific locus mutation data relevant to the human situation, in which large differences in susceptibility appear to exist. Variability in response because of differential DNA repair capacity should be kept in mind when evaluating existing human data. For accident situations, using acute exposures for testing susceptibility may be appropriate, but to be relevant to low dose, low dose rate exposures, more use of protracted dose delivery in testing is recommended. There is a need for international collaborative study where these different tests are done on the same donors at the same time. It might now be prudent for radiation protection to take into account the occurrence of critical groups in the population on the basis of their increased radiation sensitivity. (12 refs., 3 figs.)
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TerMarsch, D.J.; Gentner, N.E. (Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, ON (Canada). Chalk River Nuclear Labs.) (eds.); Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, ON (Canada). Chalk River Nuclear Labs.; Atomic Energy Control Board, Ottawa, ON (Canada); Atomic Energy Control Board, Ottawa, ON (Canada). Advisory Committee on Radiological Protection; 84 p; 1990; p. 31-33; Workshop on Genetic Effects of Ionizing Radiation; Ottawa, ON (Canada); 2 May 1990
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Miyamoto, Tatsuo; Akutsu, Silvia Natsuko; Tauchi, Hiroshi; Kudo, Yoshiki; Tashiro, Satoshi; Yamamoto, Takashi; Matsuura, Shinya, E-mail: shinya@hiroshima-u.ac.jp2018
AbstractAbstract
[en] DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induced by ionizing radiation (IR) are the initial and critical step in major alteration of genetic information and cell death. To prevent deleterious effects, DNA repair systems recognize and re-join DNA DSBs in human cells. It has been suggested that there are individual differences in radiosensitivity within human populations, and that variations in DNA repair genes might contribute to this heterogeneity. Because confounding factors, including age, gender, smoking, and diverse genetic backgrounds within human populations, also influence the cellular radiosensitivity, to accurately measure the effect of candidate genetic variations on radiosensitivity, it is necessary to use human cultured cells with a uniform genetic background. However, a reverse genetics approach in human cultured cells is difficult because of their low level of homologous recombination. Engineered endonucleases used in genome editing technology, however, can enable the local activation of DNA repair pathways at the human genome target site to efficiently introduce genetic variations of interest into human cultured cells. Recently, we used this technology to demonstrate that heterozygous mutations of the ATM gene, which is responsible for a hyper-radiosensitive genetic disorder, ataxia-telangiectasia, increased the number of chromosomal aberrations after IR. Thus, understanding the heterozygous mutations of radiosensitive disorders should shed light on the genetic basis underlying individual differences in radiosensitivity within human populations.
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Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rry007; Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5941146; PMCID: PMC5941146; PMID: 29528422; PUBLISHER-ID: rry007; OAI: oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5941146; Copyright (c) The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japan Radiation Research Society and Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology.; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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Journal of Radiation Research; ISSN 0449-3060;
; v. 59(Suppl 2); p. 75-82

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AbstractAbstract
[en] The number of radiotherapy machines per million people is shown
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Available on-line: http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Magazines/Bulletin/Bull521/52105810809.pdf
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Journal Article
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IAEA Bulletin (Online); ISSN 1564-2690;
; v. 52(1); p. 8

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Bruna, Ondrej; Soucek, Pavel; Holub, Jan, E-mail: brunaond@fel.cvut.cz, E-mail: soucepa3@fel.cvut.cz, E-mail: holubjan@fel.cvut.cz2013
AbstractAbstract
[en] The topic of this paper is to describe the current course at Czech Technical University in Prague X38KLS (Construction of medical systems) and to describe proposed improvements and differences between novel and old approach. The changes and in a state of preparation and have not been fully implemented. The new course should take over the old in September 2013
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2013 joint IMEKO (International Measurement Confederation) TC1-TC7-TC13 symposium: Measurement across physical and behavioural sciences; Genoa (Italy); 4-6 Sep 2013; Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/459/1/012011; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal of Physics. Conference Series (Online); ISSN 1742-6596;
; v. 459(1); [6 p.]

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Hekmat, Sepideh; Ghaedian, Tahereh; Barati, Hossein; Movahed, Mansour, E-mail: sepidhekmat@hotmail.com2012
AbstractAbstract
[en] Gastric cancer is one of the most common and most fatal neoplasms in human. Its skeletal metastasis is less frequent, particularly when solitary. The objective of this article is to represent a case of solitary fibular metastasis from this cancer not reported before based on Medline search
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Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/iranjradiol.3564; Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3522377; PMCID: PMC3522377; PMID: 23329984; OAI: oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3522377; Copyright (c) 2012, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Iranian Society of Radiology; This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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Iranian Journal of Radiology; ISSN 1735-1065;
; v. 9(3); p. 161-164

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AbstractAbstract
[en] Cancer kills more people globally than tuberculosis, HIV, and malaria combined. By 2050 at present growth rates, your chances of contracting cancer in your lifetime will be 50 to 60%. The cancer rate will rise from 650 000 to 2.2 million per year
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Available on-line: http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Magazines/Bulletin/Bull521/52105810203.pdf
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Journal Article
Journal
IAEA Bulletin (Online); ISSN 1564-2690;
; v. 52(1); p. vp

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Borowicz, Piotr; Bednarek, Elżbieta; Bocian, Wojciech; Sitkowski, Jerzy; Jaworska, Beata; Mikołajczyk, Jerzy; Głąbski, Tadeusz; Stadnik, Dorota; Surmacz, Weronika; Bogiel, Monika; Kozerski, Lech, E-mail: lkoz@icho.edu.pl2012
AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
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Copyright (c) 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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Journal of Biomolecular NMR; ISSN 0925-2738;
; v. 52(4); p. 365-370

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AbstractAbstract
[en] Heat waves may become a serious threat to the health and safety of people who currently live in temperate climates. It was therefore of interest to investigate whether more deprived populations are more vulnerable to heat waves. In order to address the question on a fine geographical scale, the spatial heterogeneity of the excess mortality in France associated with the European heat wave of August 2003 was analysed. A deprivation index and a heat exposure index were used jointly to describe the heterogeneity on the Canton scale (3,706 spatial units). During the heat wave period, the heat exposure index explained 68% of the extra-Poisson spatial variability of the heat wave mortality ratios. The heat exposure index was greater in the most urbanized areas. For the three upper quintiles of heat exposure in the densely populated Paris area, excess mortality rates were twofold higher in the most deprived Cantons (about 20 excess deaths/100,000 people/day) than in the least deprived Cantons (about 10 excess deaths/100,000 people/day). No such interaction was observed for the rest of France, which was less exposed to heat and less heterogeneous in terms of deprivation. Although a marked increase in mortality was associated with heat wave exposure for all degrees of deprivation, deprivation appears to be a vulnerability factor with respect to heat-wave-associated mortality.
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Copyright (c) 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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European Journal of Epidemiology; ISSN 0393-2990;
; v. 24(9); p. 495-502

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AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
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Copyright (c) 2019 Springer Nature B.V.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging; ISSN 1569-5794;
; v. 35(11); p. 2135-2137

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Zhang, Gui-Qing; Sun, Qi-Bo; Wang, Lin, E-mail: nkzhanggq@163.com, E-mail: sunqibo1210@gmail.com, E-mail: fdlwang@gmail.com
arXiv e-print [ PDF ]2013
arXiv e-print [ PDF ]2013
AbstractAbstract
[en] Highlights: • We introduce the noise-induced mechanism into the prisoner’s dilemma game. • Cooperation will be largely enhanced by introducing the noise into the calculation of fitness. • Despite the defectors prevail initially, the stressed factor still promotes the cooperation. • The mechanism studied here is helpful on different kinds of interaction networks. -- Abstract: The network reciprocity is an important dynamic rule fostering the emergence of cooperation among selfish individuals. This was reported firstly in the seminal work of Nowak and May, where individuals were arranged on the regular lattice network, and played the prisoner’s dilemma game (PDG). In the standard PDG, one often assumes that the players have perfect rationality. However, in reality, we human are far from rational agents, as we often make mistakes, and behave irrationally. Accordingly, in this work, we introduce the element of noise into the measurement of fitness, which is determined by the parameter α controlling the degree of noise. The considered noise-induced mechanism remarkably promotes the behavior of cooperation, which may be conducive to interpret the emergence of cooperation within the population
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S0960-0779(13)00043-X; Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2013.03.003; Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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Chaos, Solitons and Fractals; ISSN 0960-0779;
; v. 51; p. 31-35

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