[en] The use of Nuclear Techniques in agriculture research and the resulting vast improvements in agricultural production over the past 50 years are reviewed. The economic benefits of these improved agricultural technologies in the areas of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Animal Health and Production, Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition and Food and Environmental Protection will be considered. Special emphasis will be given to Insect and Pest Control based on the Sterile Insect Technique. This novel approach has been applied in various large-scale programmers and is considered as the most species specific and environmentally safe method of controlling insects over large areas. Also considered will be the benefits accruing to developing countries through improved possibilities in food production and export markets

[en] Sensory evaluation was conducted on irradiated and non-irradiated mangoes 'Num Dok Mai' Variety at the dose of 0, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 kGy (Dose uniformity = 1.55) stored at 18 ± 1 degree C and 27 ± 1 degree C for 3, 7, 9 and 15 days after irradiation. Nine point hedonic scale method was applied. No significant difference between irradiated and non-irradiated mangoes in colour, o dour, flavour and texture was found at 3, 7 and 9 days after irradiation, and the means were rather high. Fifteen days after irradiation, both irradiated and non-irradiated mangoes that stored at 27 ± 1 degree C were too rot to eat, on the other hand, only irradiated mangoes that stored at 18 ± 1 degree C were non significant difference in colour, o dour, flavour and texture, however the means were rather high also. This experiment could be summarized that the panel list accepted the irradiated mangoes at the dose of 1.16 - 1.79 kGy, stored at 18 ± 1 degree C, 15 days after irradiation. This dosage could kill the adult mango seed weevil (L D₉₉ = 1.39 kGy)

[en] The survey of the mango seed weevil during February to July of 1993-1995 at Ratchaburi province, Chachoengsao province and Chieng Mai province. Only at Chieng Mai province was found at 2.35 percent to 37.36 percent. Outbreak occurred in the mango orchard which there was no insecticide application and pruning. Over 20 years old of the mango trees with the crevices of the bark around the trunk would be the host area of the adult mango seed weevil. The adult would hibernate by living in the crevice of the bark and in the ground around the base of the trunk. All specimens of mango seed weevils found was Sternochaetus oliveri (Faust). The study on effect of gamma radiation on the adult of mango seed weevil found that L D₉₉ is 1.39 kGy after 28 days of irradiation. They were very slow movement without feeding and mating

No abstract available

No abstract available

[en] The reactions of soybean cultivars to known races of Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea (Psg) in the light of known avirulence (avr) genes and their corresponding resistance genes were reevaluated to predict if new avr genes and corresponding resistance genes exist. The cloned avrD gene from tomato pathogen induced a unique pattern on these lines and elicits hypersensitive reaction on those lines which carry disease resistant gene Rpg4. None of the known races of psg carries avrD gene that elicit the resistant reaction on soybean carrying the disease resistant gene Rpg4. (author)

[en] An essential prerequisite for insect control by the sterile insect technique releasing method is mass rearing and sterilizing that do not have adverse effects on longevity and mating behavior of the released males. But many laboratory studies have shown that males irradiated at the completely sterility dose often could not compete with untreated males in mating. This paper studies the effects of gamma radiation at the sterile dose on mating, sexual and sperm competitiveness of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) under the laboratory condition. It is found that irradiation at the completely sterility dose (90 Gy) had reduced the mating and sperm competition ability of the males. Though the sexual competition was not

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] In 1975 and 1976 the dispersal of Aleochara bilineata in a cauliflower field was investigated using radioactively labelled beetles from laboratory cultures. In 1975, 920 beetles were labelled with ⁵⁴MnCl₂. 900 of these were released in two batches of 600 and 300 individuals respectively. 20 were kept for observations in the laboratory. In 1976, lO33 beetles were labelled with ⁶⁵ZnCl₂. These beetles were released in 7 batches of 130-200 specimens each. Optimal labelling was obtained with ⁶⁵ZnCl₂, which had a durability of 40 days. ⁵⁴MnCl₂ labelling, on the contrary, only lasted for 20 days. Also labelling with fluorescent dust and oil-soluble dye was tried, but proved to be ineffective. 100 pitfalls placed up to 30 meters from the release point were used for recapture of the labelled beetles. 143 were recaptured in 1975, and 47 were recaptured in 1976. Dispersal rates up to 6.5 metres per day were ascertained. For biological control of cabbage root flies (Hylemya brassicae) spread of few batches of several hundred beetles each is sufficient. However, a maximum distance of 20 metres between release points is recommended to ensure quick dispersal over the whole area. (author)

[en] The autocide struggle against fruit fly consists in making a raising in mass of the stump to genetic sexing of the fruit fly, to radiate males with gamma rays and then to set free them in orchards of citrus fruits. This technique permitted a reduction of the rate of stings of 50% in relation to the witness although its production of pupae in 2004, either enough feeble, not passing the 9 millions of pupae per week. But, it remains even efficient in relation to the chemical struggle (respectively 12% and 7%). One preliminary survey of the profitability of autocide struggle and the chemical struggle (rate of profitability to 181.020) is more profitable than autocide struggle (rate of profitability to 43.450) for the first year to release. This relativity weak profitability for the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is the consequence of a bad interview of citrus fruits and unconsciousness of farmer of the importance of built in struggle technique . However, autocide struggle permits to preserve the quality of fruit, to reduce the toxics residues and to preserve parasitoides. therefore, there is increase of selling prices of the product. (author). 12 refs