[en] The main task of an NDT engineer is to select the best method, considering the cost-benefit value of different available systems and taking into account the special existing constraints. The aim of the paper is to suggest a tool that will enable characterization of measuring systems. The derivation of the characterization parameters and functions has to be general, i.e., suitable for all possible measuring methods, independent of their principle of operation. Quite often the properties measured during the NDT procedure are not the wanted ones, but there must be a correlation between the measured property and the performance of the product. One has to bear in mind that the ultimate choice between systems is not, in practice, just based on the mathematical optimization approach that is presented. Factors like cost-benefit, availability of trained manpower, service, real-time information, weight, volume, etc., may be crucial problems, and they may well dictate the final selection

[en] The main topics of this meeting on nondestructive testing are: standard defects, ultrasonic testing, liquid penetrant inspection, thermography X, gamma and neutron radiography. Developments and equipment for testing heavy equipment, particularly in nuclear industry, are examined

[en] In this meeting on non-destructive testing in industry only 4 papers are based on nuclear methods, one on magnetography of offshore structures and one ultrasonic testing turbine rotors of 900 MW PWR

[en] Topics discussed include: high-pressure diamond cell work; x-ray fluorescence analysis; shroud of turin; laser fusion target inspection; and scanning electron microscope. Organization charts for the M-1 group are included

No abstract available

[en] Test procedures in the nuclear sector are specified in the ASME rules and in the European and German ENIQ secification. In spite of differences between these catalogues of rules, their central point of qualification consists in measurements in relevant test pieces. Investigations of this kind have been carried out at MPA Stuttgart since decades ago. The procedure, influencing parameters and current possibilities of MPA are presented. By concentrating on the technical aspects of qualification, economically efficient and if necessary also short-term qualification of nondestructive tests is possible. (orig.)

[en] This paper presents an introductory to the application of holography as a non-destructive testing method. Also presented are illustrations of specific applications. (ELC). 14 figs

No abstract available

[en] Ultrasonic inspection is one of the most widely used methods for nondestructive inspection. The beam of high-frequency sound wave, ultrasonic wave, is introduced into the material. It travels through the material with some attendant loss of energy and can be reflected at interfaces. The reflected beam is detected and analyzed. Ultrasonic inspection is used to detect flaws in metal parts as well as in welded, brazed and bonded joints during research work and developing production and service. It is also used to detect and locate porosity, pipe, and flakes. In addition, it can be used for the measurement of metal thickness. Ultrasonic inspection is therefore used for quality control and material inspection in all major industries

[en] Of the particles emitted from radioactive nuclei, the positively charged beta rays or positrons are among the least known, yet they have some remarkable properties, since they provide by far the most easily accessible examples of anti-matter. Over the last few years it has become clear that the particular combination of conventional and unconventional properties possessed by positrons makes them especially valuable as probes of microscopic and atomic scale imperfections in metals, and their use for this purpose in metallurgy is now well established. The chapter summarizes the properties concerned, considers the observational techniques required to exploit them, and presents examples of such studies, with the object of showing how they are beginning to contribute to some areas of nondestructive testing. In particular, positron annihilation shows promise as a method for detecting deformation, creep and fatigue damage in metals and alloys, where there is a dearth of adequate techniques