[en] To make comparison and assessmemt of survey data, it is necessary to standardize the method of terrestrial and marine ecosystem survey and the analytical methods for nonradioactive pollutants. Sampling items, frequency, scope and related descriptions in ecosystem survey were rearranged systematically. Analytical methods for nonradioactive pollutants in the environment were also suggested. By standization, monitoring methods about terrestrial and marine ecosystem survey and analysis of nonradioactive pollutants became more systematic and consistent of survey data be done easily and non-efficient and economic loss at the surveying time be avoided. (Author)

[en] Deep borehole disposal involves drilling one or more boreholes into crystalline basement rock to a depth of about 5 km, emplacing waste packages in the lower 2 km of the borehole, and sealing and plugging the upper 3 km. These depths are several times deeper than for typical mined repositories. A deep borehole field test (DBFT) is proposed to confirm the safety and feasibility of the deep borehole concept. The primary goals are to demonstrate the construction and characterization of deep boreholes, demonstrate the equipment and operations used for safe waste handling and emplacement downhole, study geologic controls on waste form stability and isolation, and evaluate the overall safety and practicality of the concept. The test will be conducted using simulated waste packages; no radioactive wastes will be handled at the deep borehole field test site. A key component of the DBFT is an engineering demonstration of the equipment and operations needed to transport waste packages to the site, move packages between the transportation and emplacement systems, and lower or retrieve packages into or out of the borehole. This paper describes the conceptualization of test package handling, from transportation and receipt through the interface with the borehole. It also describes the use of an integrated test facility to check out equipment prior to deployment at the DBFT site, and performance of the engineering demonstration at the DBFT site. (authors)

No abstract available

[en] 'Full text:' Some activities on nuclear sites such as decommissioning generate large volumes of uncontaminated waste. What is an appropriate degree of rigour to apply to demonstrate that wastes are not contaminated, and are therefore suitable for release from regulatory control so they can be reused, recycled or disposed of in conventional waste facilities? Is there a level of demonstration that is practical to demonstrate on the scale required? If not, what are the practical alternatives for dealing with such wastes? (author)

No abstract available

[en] The capillary barrier is necessary to make larger the gap of particle diameter of sand and gravel material. The functional deterioration of capillary barriers in service for dozens of years is of concern because of the transport of sand particles to the lower gravel layer due to an earthquake. The authors found that the inclusion of sand particles into the lower layer can be reduced by using the crushed shell particles instead of gravel in the capillary barrier. In this study, the authors make clear the type, particle size of crushed shell and crushing methods of shells by column test using one dimensional cylindrical vessel and by laboratory experiment using a small sized shaking table. It is concluded that a paper selection of size and distribution of the crushed shell particles leads to a practical development of the capillary barrier which has long term durability and provides some possible solution to a recycling of fishery byproduct waste. (author)

No abstract available

[en] The analysis of preliminary results of the inventory accounting of nuclear- and radiological-hazardous facilities (NRHF) of different types has been performed taking into consideration their present state including ranking of NRHF according to their hazard degree, ownership type, subordination and other characteristics. The criteria for categorizing as nuclear legacy and general approaches of the strategic planning have been established. A brief description of algorithms for operation management concerning the nuclear legacy for the period up to 2025 is also given

[en] It is noted that dozens of hectares of Kazakhstan's land are removed from national use due to high level of ecologically permissible effect. In some regions there is treat of complete loss of lands due to technogene pollution. There are areales of toxic and radioactive industrial wastes and environmental radiation contamination zones forming in result of: activity of Semipalatinsk nuclear test site and nuclear explosions of period 1949-1961; activity of military-industrial, atomic-industrial and military-space enterprises; mining and processing of mineral resources with high content of radioactive elements; wind transfer of radionuclides and radioactive particles of both the natural and the technogene origin; radiation background of natural (In average by Republic 11-18 μR/h) landscapes. Most dangerous are consequences of tests on nuclear and space sites. Kazakhstan is single place on the Earth where nuclear strategic programs were carried out in full volume, beginning from mining and processing of uranium containing raw by producing and testing of nuclear warheads, missiles destroying and disposal of uranium and other radioactive and toxic wastes of military-industrial complex. So, there were 500 atmosphere and underground explosions in former Semipalatinsk, Kostanaj, Akmola, Aktyube, South-Kazakhstan, West-Kazakhstan, Mangistau and Atyrau oblasts. In West Kazakhstan on known nuclear sites (Azgir, Tojsogan, Central) and on Kapustin Yar fly-test complex more than 30 nuclear explosions were carried out in both the atmosphere and the underground. More than hundred military units were tested and exposed and 20 thousand of missiles were destroyed. Powerful sources of pollution are Bojkonyr spaceport and Saryshgan and Elba test sites. Authors noted, that it is necessary develop criteria of definition of payments for resources use, indexes to base taxes, pay for damages. Some problems of regional management could be solved with help this assessment mechanism

[en] This waste management plan establishes the requirements for the management and disposal of waste associated with the actions as stipulated in the Interim Remedial Action Record of Decision for the 200-ZP-1 Operable Units and the Action Memorandum: Expedited Response Action Proposal for 200 West Carbon Tetrachloride Plume