[en] Short communication

[en] After some 20 years of valiant service providing the mainstay computing services, machines based on a mainframe architecture are beginning to show signs of age. With the advent of personal computers, less expensive hardware and increased networking, mainframe systems providing a range of services for hundreds, even thousands, of users are being discarded in favour of distributed computing solutions. During these twenty years, the traditional mainframe provided the inherent integration or 'glue' for major computing environments. This was particularly the case with high energy physics laboratories, handling enormous quantities of data. At CERN, the VM system (CERNVM) was, and still is, an integral part of CERN's day-to-day working environment, with some 15,000 tape mounts per week and a thousand logged-on users at peak periods

[en] Critical characteristics analysis of a safety related item is to identify characteristics to be verified to replace an original item with the dedicated item. It is sure that the dedicated item meeting critical characteristics would perform its intended safety function instead of the specified item. KNICS project developed two safety systems: IDiPS RPS (Reactor Protection System) and IDiPS ESF-CCS (Engineered Safety Features-Component Control System). Two safety systems of IDiPS are equipped with personnel computers, so-called COMs (Cabinet Operator Modules), in their cabinets. The personnel computers, COMs, are responsible for safety system monitoring, testing, and maintaining. Even though two safety systems are safety critical system, the personnel computers of two systems, i.e. COMs, are not graded as safety-graded items. Regulation requirements are expected to be strengthened, and the functions of the personnel computer may be enhanced to include safety-related functions and safety functions, it would be necessary that the grade of the personnel computers is adjusted to a higher level, the safety grade. To try to upgrade a non safety system, i.e. COMs, to a safety system, its safety functions and requirements, i.e. critical characteristics, must be identified and verified. This paper describes the process of the identification of critical characteristics and the results of analysis

[en] Low-cost experiments on acoustical beats are carried out on a personal computer using standard software for a sound card in a non-canonical way, which provides a useful teaching method for a traditional classroom experiment. (letters and comments)

[en] This text book is comprised of five charters, which is about PC communication for beginners who need to learn manners and how to use Ketel and PC serve. So it introduces first, conception of PC and precautions on using PC communication, second, preparation for PC communication with Modem, its program, install, kinds of protocol and how to use protocol, third directions of emulator of PC communication and super session, fourth, instruction of Ketel with join and access, basic command of Ketel, list of Ketel's menu, Ketel editor, service guide, directions of News service, Stock and bond service business and economic figures, exchange rate and interest rate, tax culture and leisure, Ketel BBS service and posting. The last part has a instruction of PC-serve about join, basic command of PC-serve, service guide and practical guideline.

[en] Recently data about performances in radiology department tend to increase rapidly and appropriate use of computer system is needed to monitor various jobs including scheduling of the patient, reporting of radiologic examination and film library management. The authors describe experiences in computerizing several jobs of radiology department using Apple II personal computer during last year, and our experiences suggest that with appropriate software and peripheral device, personal computer can handle relatively large amount of information about a certain functions in radiology department. The authors also put emphasis on the point that meticulous characterization and cocumentation of data is mandatory for effective use of computer system and should be done by radiologist who use or want to use computer system.

[en] Adaptable design, as a new design paradigm, involves creating designs and products that can be easily changed to satisfy different requirements. In this paper, two types of product adaptability are proposed as essential adaptability and behavioral adaptability, and through measuring which respectively a model for product adaptability evaluation is developed. The essential adaptability evaluation proceeds with analyzing the independencies of function requirements and function modules firstly based on axiomatic design, and measuring the adaptability of interfaces secondly with three indices. The behavioral adaptability reflected by the performance of adaptable requirements after adaptation is measured based on Kano model. At last, the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by an illustrative example of the motherboard of a personal computer. The results show that the method can evaluate and reveal the adaptability of a product in essence, and is of directive significance to improving design and innovative design

[en] The author describes a solution to make E-mail system by PC on Internet, including the system structure design, restricted environment, accounting, mailing list , etc

[en] A simple, reliable and fast method of putting into operation new computational capabilities for operation within the grid environment is presented. The method is successfully tested within the grid segment of the DLNP of JINR and has been used for operation in the ATLAS collaboration

[en] The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and usefulness of newly developed personal computer-based software to eliminate the linear artifacts by the metal restorations. A 3D CT image was conventionally reconstructed using ADVANTAGE WINDOWS 2.0 3D Analysis software (GE Medical System, Milwaukee, USA) and eliminated the linear artifacts manually. Next, a 3D CT image was reconstructed using V-works 4.0 (Cybermed inc., Seoul, Korea) and the linear artifacts eliminated manually in the axial images by a skillful operator using a personal computer. A 3D CT image was reconstructed using V-works 4.0 (Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea) and the linear artifacts were remover using a simplified algorithm program to eliminate the linear artifacts automatically in the axial images using a personal computer, abbreviating the manual editing procedure. Finally, the automatically edited reconstructed 3D images were compared to the manually edited images. We effectively eliminated the linear artifacts automatically by this algorithm, not by the manual editing procedures, in some degree. But programs based on more complicated and accurate algorithms may lead to a nearly flawless elimination of these linear artifacts automatically.