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[en] An elementary presentation of the language of the renormalization group to introduce the basic concepts of the theory of critical phenomena is given. Recent developments concerning the effects of disorder on phase transitions, the problem of percolation and the quantum effects for low temperature transitions are also presented

[en] Published in summary form only

No abstract available

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[en] Full Text: Understanding the solid-liquid phase transition, and more generally the structure and dynamics of liquids and glasses, have remained enduring challenges in condensed matter sciences. While no models describing the microscopic behavior of liquids are presently accepted, the small changes in volume and heat capacity across the melting transition have motivated various theories that treat liquids as perturbed solids. One possible realization of this idea is a solid with a high percentage of defects. I present a realization of such a model, st proposed by Granato, that liquids are solids with a high percentage of interstitials. I describe in details how MD simulations of average properties such as heat capacity and vibrational density of states, together with detailed kinetics of crystallization and nucleation processes are used to establish elements of a full thermodynamic model for the liquid state. Various observations baring credence to the idea of describing the liquid state as a solid with high percentage of defects will be discussed together with remaining open questions

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[en] The purpose of this book is to present in comprehensible terms a branch of physics strongly unified by the method and language of the renormalization group. The book is centred around the theory of critical phase transition phenomena, which serves as an expedient to introduce the vocabulary and results of the renormalization group approach. The book is intended for physics students (third cycle or end of second cycle) and for experimental or theoretical physicists, but is also addressed to mathematicians, hydrodynamicists, chemists, biologists, etc

[en] Raman scattering in single crystals of V₂O₃ has been studied in the range from approx. 20 K to room temperature. Metal to insulator, crystallographic, and antiferromagnetic ordering transitions take place concurrently at T/sub t/ approx. 150 K. The observed spectra showed a drastic change at T/sub t/. On either side of T/sub t/, peaks were observed which had intensities rather insensitive to the variation of temperature. These peaks are indentifiable as phonon excitations, and the peaks of the two temperature regions can be correlated on the basis of the structural transition of the crystal. One peak was observed in the low-temperature region, the intensity of which decreased strongly with increasing temperature, becoming unobservable at T > or approx. = T/sub t/. Clearly, this peak involved the excitation of magnons which results from the magnetic transition

[en] A theoretical research of photoinduced phase transitions for crystals with charge transfer (CT) complexes is fulfilled in the mean field approximation. In the presented model, it is suggested that a unit cell can be in three states: neutral state, CT state, and highly excited electronic state