No abstract available

[en] A sketch is given of how knowledge of the Egg nebula in Cygnus rapidly accumulated. Included are a number of photographs and a list of events concerning this nebula. (U.S.)

[en] Highlights: • A new class of peptoid-based low molecular mass organogelators (LMOGs) showed structural sensitivity in organogelation. • The compound reported here is one of the simplest LMOGs prepared so far. • The nanofibrous morphology by H-bonding plays a crucial role in organogelation. • This study can provide insights in designing various peptoid-based LMOGs. A new class of peptoid-based low molecular mass organogelators was prepared by the aza-Michael addition reaction. The gelation was observed only for tert-butyl group substituted peptoid in chlorinated solvents including chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, and 1,2-dichlorobenzene. Interestingly, the peptoids with methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl groups did not exhibit gelation, indicating unique structural sensitivity of organogelation. The compound reported here is one of the simplest low molecular mass organogelators prepared so far. The physical properties, spectral data, and ab initio calculation suggest that nanofibrous morphology developed through the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of peptoid molecules plays a crucial role in organogelation. This study provides insights in designing various peptoid-based small molecule organogelators, and suggests that a minute structural difference should affect the formation of organogels significantly.

No abstract available

[en] Short communication

[en] Abstract only

[en] The main physical properties of amorphous systems are examined and an general overview of this subject as a matter of active research is presented. The amorphous systems contain a rich phenomenology without a reasonable explanation up to now and can yield a sort of technological applications, this represents a stimulus for scientists and technologists. (M.W.O)

[en] The physical properties of alloys depend on their electronic band structure. In this paper an attempt is made to review some of the salient features in terms of an elementary treatment of the properties and the behaviour of electrons in alloys. (author)

[en] The main physical properties of amorphous systems are examined and an general overview of this subject as a matter of active research is presented. The amorphous systems contain a rich phenomenology without a reasonable explanation up to now and can yield a sort of technological applications, this represents a stimulus for scientists and technologists. (MWO)

[en] Hierarchical structures always have similar scaling laws both in biology and physics, and the scaling exponent plays an import role in sighting into the physiological properties or physical properties of the studied problems. E-infinity theory is emphasized and is predicted to be the most promising theory for natural hierarchical structures.