[en] This article focuses on the anticipation of a vibrant market for small scale combined heat and power (CHP) systems and the role of residential boiler manufacturers, installers and utilities in determining market penetration. Details are given of the countries with the largest markets (eg., Germany, UK, the Netherlands), the penetration of micro CHP into the total power generation market, and comparisons between Europe and the US and Asian markets. The division of European countries into four classes of market attractiveness is discussed

[en] Short communication

No abstract available

[en] A CEA Saclay laboratory proposes a third way for the food processing (compared with gamma radiations and accelerated electrons): X radiations with the Rhodotron accelerator. X radiations are obtained by conversion of accelerated electrons on a metallic target. The electron acceleration in rosace let hope for a profitable conversion

[en] Radially polarized radiation of 1.8 kW was first obtained in an industrial high-power CO₂ laser. Special reflective elements with an axial polarization selectivity of 22% were used as a rear mirror in the laser. The output radiation consisted mainly of an unpolarized mode TEM₀₀ and a radially polarized mode R-TEM_01*. (author)

No abstract available

[en] The scheme of single-cycle thyristor inverter providing for application of half-wave amplifier at the high-voltage transformer outlet by minimal reverse voltage (close to outlet one) is described. Principal scheme of high-voltage power source of 2 kW capacity with controlled voltage from 30 up to 200 kV is presented. 1 ref., 2 figs

[en] With substantial operating hours on the RF system, considerable information on reliability of the 5 kW CW klystrons has been obtained. High early failure rates led to examination of the operating conditions and failure modes. Internal ceramic contamination caused premature failure of gun potting material and ultimate tube demise through arcing or ceramic fracture. A planned course of reporting and reconditioning of approximately 300 klystrons, plus careful attention to operating conditions and periodic analysis of operational data, has substantially reduced the failure rate. It is anticipated that implementation of planned supplemental monitoring systems for the klystrons will allow most catastrophic failures to be avoided. By predicting end of life, tubes can be changed out before they fail, thus minimizing unplanned downtime. Initial tests have also been conducted on this same klystron operated at higher voltages with resultant higher output power. The outcome of these tests will provide information to be considered for future upgrades to the accelerator

[en] The 10 MeV Industrial RF Electron accelerator at EBC, Kharghar, is commissioned and is delivering a beam power of 3 kW. Another similar 9 MeV RF Electron accelerator is operational at ECIL, Hyderabad and will be used for cargo scanning. A 50 keV thermionic pulsed electron gun is used as injector for both these RF linacs. The gun is capable of delivering a maximum current of 1 A. This paper presents the gun testing, the mechanical modifications done in the gun and the grid biasing experiments, to achieve maximum output current from the linac. (author)

[en] The French society Gas de France is going to install five experimental fuel cells on urban areas. These fuel cells have a 4.5 kw power range. This operation is made in order to get data on the prototypes functioning in real situation in the aim to equip individual houses with lower fuel cells. The fuel cell has not to replace the electric power distribution networks but constitutes a new cogeneration system, by increasing the supply security with the multiplicity of sources. (N.C.)