[en] The near threshold production of heavy mesons in proton-proton and proton-deuteron collisions has been studied using the internal facility COSY-11 at COSY. Recent results on the exclusive total cross section for the reaction pp→ppK⁺K^- at an excess energy of Q=17 MeV fix the scale of the strangeness dissociation into two kaons. The production of η- and η'-mesons in proton-proton and proton-deuteron collisions has been measured at several excess energies close to threshold. Total cross sections for the proton-proton data and recent results on the proton-deuteron data are presented and discussed. (orig.)

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[en] Full text: Many nuclei near proton drip-line have been detected in reactions involving exotic nuclei. The half lives of proton emission processes have been measured and different decay models are able to explain the experimental results within the precision of the experiments. To decide among models we can compare the results obtained with different models to various decay process observables, as the decaying fragments angular and energy distribution and the half life or width of the decay process. In present work the angular distribution for simultaneous two- proton emission process is determined by assuming the two protons are correlated in a resonant state of the (Z-2, A) nuclear core potential. These protons can tunnel the potential barrier established by a realistic form of the coulomb, centrifugal and nuclear potentials and the decay rate is calculated by assuming statistical arguments related to the one proton-emission rate. We determine the pair energy distribution and discuss the effect of changes in the nuclear potential parameters and angular momentum to the calculated observables of the 45Fe two-proton emission process. (author)

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[en] in this paper the optimal unitarity lower bound on logarithmic slope of the diffraction peak is investigated. It is shown that the unitarity lower bound is just the optimal logarithmic slopes predicted by the principle of least distance in space of states. A systematic tendency towards the saturations of the most forward-peaked limit is observed from all the available experimental data of all principal hadron-hadron scatterings (e.g., PP, P bar P, K^±P, π^±P) practically at all laboratory momenta. (authors)

[en] I present a short review of recent studies of quarkonium production in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions at collider energies in small-x formalism. (author)

[en] It is shown that the anomalous behavior of the spin-dependent proton structure function g^p₁(x) is defined by the contribution to this structure function as x→0 of a new Regge trajectory caused by the axial-vector anomaly. It is pointed out that the manifestation of a new trajectory in pp and p bar p interactions allows the authors to explain some peculiarities of these reactions at high energies. 29 refs., 7 figs

[en] The form factors of the proton, π and K-mesons are extracted from high energy pp, π+-p and K+-p elastic scattering data on the basis of the Chou-Yang model

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