[en] A market survey was carried out to study the extent of radioisotope usage in Malaysia. From the survey, the radioisotopes and their activities/quantities that are used in Industry, Medicine and Research were identified. The radioisotopes that are frequently needed or routinely used were also determined and this formed the basis of the recommendations put forward in this report. It is proposed that PUSPATI adopt the concept of a Distribution Centre in order to provide a service to the Malaysian community. (author)

[en] A secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory has been established in the Tun Ismail Research Centre, Malaysia as a national laboratory for reference and standardization purposes in the field of radiation dosimetry. This article gives brief accounts on the general information, development of the facility, programmes to be carried out as well as other information on the relevant aspects of the secondary standard dosimetry laboratory. (author)

[en] The roles and objectives of Radioisotope Distribution Centre and its relation to the Customer Services of Nuclear Energy Unit are discussed. (A.J.)

[en] This article contains the research and development activities planned to be undertaken, and the services to be provided by the Nuclear Energy Unit. The fields of research have been selected to aid the development in the use of Nuclear Science and Technology, whilst the proposed services are geared towards widening the use to this technology in socio-economic development. Objectives in the research fields have been identified following a number of consultations with IAEA, foreign and local experts, and involved careful study of local requirements. The services provided will cater for all, especially institutions involved in nuclear technology both from the public and private sectors. This effort is in line with the role of the Unit as the national promoter and coordinator in the utilization of nuclear technology in the country

[en] PUSPATI was formed in 1972 with the main objectives to undertake research and development in nuclear science and technology, to produce some short-lived radioisotopes for use in medicine, agriculture and industry, to promote and coordinate the utilization of nuclear technology in research among the various research institutes and universities, to coordinate the utilization of nuclear technology in research institutes and universities, to perform personnel monitoring and environmental surveillance and to conduct training courses. These long-term objectives have been formulated through careful consideration and after consultations with experts from the International Atomic Energy Agency, discussions with researchers at local institution and surveys on consumer requirements for radioactive materials and radiopharmaceuticals. In order to meet these long-term objectives, five major areas of research programmes have been identified. These research programmes are in the fields of Nuclear Instrumentations, Semiconductor Technology, Uranium and Thorium Studies, Radiation Chemistry and Radiation Biology, Reactor Systems and Energy Studies, and Siting and Safety Studies of Nuclear Installations. (author)

[en] The main aim of this article is to give a general view of the roles played by UPDK in providing safeguards towards the staff who are involved in ionization radiation works. The article also accounts for the fundamental requirements which are important in establishing a standardised dosimetry laboratory

[en] Accurate dose delivered is an important factor in controlling the effectiveness of high level irradiation process. At the Nuclear Energy Unit (UTN), this condition is currently controlled by the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory (SSDL). Accuracy and reliability of the existed system was checked by participating in various dose inter-comparison programme such as International Dose Assurance Service (IDAS) conducted by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Vienna. (author)

[en] This article briefly describes the quality control programme of the Isotope Department in UTN. The quality of radiopharmaceuticals produced at UTN are controlled by employing the procedures as outlined in the Quality Control Monograph. (author)

[en] Full text:The Malaysian Institute for Nuclear Technology Research (MINT), was officially established in 1972 (PUSPATI as it was known then) and has progressed leaps and bounds to become one of the country's leading research organization particularly in the field of nuclear science and technology. Primarily set up as a full fledge research and development entity with one of the initial aims was looking into the possibility of embarking in the generation of power via the use of nuclear technology as an alternative source of energy for the nation. MINTs role has somewhat changed in tandem with her stage of development and national priorities. In line with the Government's policy on sustainability and self-reliance and a drive to commercialize R and D findings, the R and D institutions are expected to be self sufficiency at 30% of institutional operating budget. MINT has embarked on the commercialization program since in 1987 even before the the policy was instituted. Unlike other corporate R and D institutions and universities which do have some liberty and flexibility in the management of the organizations, MINT as a full fledge government R and D institute faces a number of challenges in the commercialization exercise. The paper describes the technologies developed at MINT, our product and services, and challenges and limitations in commercializing our R and D endeavors. (Author)

[en] Techniques of calibration and its possible uses are reviewed and discussed. Three main techniques identified are substitution, simultaneous irradiation and inverse square law. The scope of application of each technique is discussed in detail. In addition, tests which are performed on the calibrated dosemeters including energy dependence, angular dependence as well as linearity are explained. For the above purposes, photon radiations from 30 keV to 1250 keV were used. The radiations are obtained by means of an X-ray machine, PHILIPS Model MCN 32, Cs 137 and C⁶⁰. At the end of the report, several forms tht are required for giving the calibration services are attached. (author)