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Islam, M.N.; Jamil, M.K.; Ani, F.N.; Zailani, R.
Proceedings of World Renewable Energy Congress '992000
Proceedings of World Renewable Energy Congress '992000
AbstractAbstract
[en] The agro-industrial sector of Malaysia produces a huge amount of oil palm and paddy rice. These generate a significant amount of renewable biomass solid wastes in the forms of oil palm shell and rice husk. Apart from this a huge quantity of scrap tyre is generated from the country's faster increasing usage of transportation vehicles like motorcycle, car, bus and lorries. These wastes are producing pollution and disposal problems affecting the environment. Besides energy is not recovered efficiently from these waste resources. From the elemental composition and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies of the wastes, it appeared that the wastes could be used for pyrolysis liquid oil production. Pyrolysis at present is deemed to be a potential method for the conversion of carbonaceous solid wastes into upgraded liquid products which can either be tried for liquid fuel or value-added chemical. A fluidized bed bench scale fast pyrolysis system was employed for this thermochemical conversion process of solid wastes. Silica sand was used as fluidized bed material and nitrogen gas as the fluidising medium. The products obtained were liquid oil, solid char and gas. The liquid oil and solid char were collected separately while the gas was flared. The maximum liquid product yield was found to vary with feedstock material fluidized bed temperature. The maximum liquid product yield was found to be 58, 53 and 40 wt. % of biomass fed at fluidized bed temperature at 500, 525 and 4500C respectively for oil palm shell, scrap tyre and rice husk. The solid char yield was 25, 36 and 53 wt. % of biomass fed at the condition of maximum liquid product yield for oil palm shell, scrap tyre and rice husk respectively. The oil products were subjected to FTIR, GC and GC/MS analysis for their group composition and detailed chemical compositions. The pyrolysis oil from scrap tyre was found to contain highest percentage of pure hydrocarbons (25 wt. % of total feed) with esters and oxygenated hydrocarbons containing silicone. The phenols were found to be maximum in case of oil palm shell pyrolysis oil (35 wt. % of total feed) with organic acids, alcohol, ketones and hydrocarbons. The pyrolysis oil from rice husk contained a maximum. percentage of ketones (28 wt. % of total feed) with acids, aldehydes, alcohol, phenols and hydrocarbons. Thus, the compounds were found to be prospectful for fuel and chemicals. The physical properties of the pyrolysis oils were presented and compared with typical wood pyrolysis oil. (Author)
Primary Subject
Source
Ministry of Energy, Communication and Multimedia Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia); 589 p; 2000; p. 29-32; World renewable energy congress '99; Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia); 8-11 Jun 1999; Available at Malaysian Inst. for Nuclear Technology Research (MINT), Bangi, Malaysia
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Miscellaneous
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The pyrolysis laser is a technique allowing the production of amorphous powders whose grain size is below 100 nanometers. This technique has been combined with techniques involving aerosols and allowing the use of liquid reactants (Pyrosol process). These ultra-fine powders are used to prepare dense materials called nano-materials mainly ceramics. These ceramics have particular properties: they can be deformed at high temperature (1900 K) without presenting any cracks or major alterations on their surfaces. (A.C.)
Original Title
La photochimie infrarouge au service des materiaux ceramiques
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1 ref.
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Journal Article
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The paper describes the results of studies on the thermally oxygen-free decomposition of the polymer components of a car tire during its direct immersion into the molten liquid metal. The impact of the conditions of liquid metal pyrolysis of used automobile tires on the composition and form of the products obtained has been studied
[ru]
В работе описаны результаты исследований по термическому бескислородному разложению полимерных составляющих автомобильной шины при ее непосредственном погружении в расплав жидкого металла. Проведено исследование влияния условий жидкометаллического пиролиза отработавших автомобильных шин на состав и форму получаемых продуктовOriginal Title
Issledovanie vliyaniya uslovij zhidkometallicheskogo piroliza otrabotavshikh avtomobil'nykh shin na sostav i formu poluchaemykh produktov
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Source
3 refs., 1 fig., 4 tabs.
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Journal Article
Journal
Voprosy Atomnoj Nauki i Tekhniki. Seriya: Yaderno-Reaktornye Konstanty; ISSN 2414-1038;
; (Special Issue no.5); p. 160-165

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AbstractAbstract
[en] The thermolysis products of a number of nido-derivatives of decaborane of the B10H12L2 type, (where L-NH3, Py, quinoline) characterized by thermal stability are studied. It is established thermographically that the above compounds decompose before reaching the melting point, the start of their intensive decomposition is accompanied by exo-effects in the 237-260 deg C range. NH3 and Py elimination does not take place but the processes of thermal transformations of these substances are connected with L decomposition. The pyrolysis products of these complexes are roentgenoamorphous phases containing boron nitride, carbide, boron, and carbon
Original Title
O termicheskikh prevrashcheniyakh B10H12(NH3)2, B10 H12(C5H5N)2 i B10H12(C9H7N)2
Primary Subject
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Journal Article
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Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya; ISSN 0002-3353;
; CODEN IASKA; (no.11); p. 2481-2484

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Pilawa, B.; Wieckowski, A.B.; Lewandowski, M.
Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw (Poland); University of Warsaw, Warsaw (Poland)1997
Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw (Poland); University of Warsaw, Warsaw (Poland)1997
AbstractAbstract
[en] Evolution of paramagnetic centres in Polish medium-rank coal (85.6 wt% C), its macerals and photographically complex samples during thermal decomposition at 300-650 C was studied by EPR. Comparison of the changes in the paramagnetic centres system of the heated pure macerals and complex coal samples indicates strong interactions between individual macerals during the thermal decomposition
Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Source
2. International Conference of Polish EPR Association on Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of Radicals and Metal Complexes; Warsaw (Poland); 9-13 Sep 1996; KBN GRANT NO. 0732/P3/94/06; 35 refs, 3 figs, 2 tabs.
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[en] A furnace simulating an element of the future commercial furnace is built on a semi-commercial basis for checking the efficiency of a vanadium catalyst. Investigations performed have shown that the prom ted vanadium catalyst is characterized by high activity and selectivity as to ethylene; while the yield of coke on it is very low. The promoted vandium catalyst for pyrolysis can be employed for a long time without loss of activity. The process pa.rameters obtained under laboratory conditions are completely reproduced under long-term semicommercial tests
Original Title
Kataliticheski piroliz pryamogonnogo benzina na promotirovannom vanadievom katalizatore
Primary Subject
Source
For English translation see the journal Soviet Chemical Industry (USA).
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Journal Article
Journal
Khimicheskaya Promyshlennost'; ISSN 0023-110X;
; (no.4); p. 10-12

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[en] Low level solid wastes (≤ 2 mGy/hr) are managed either by compaction or incineration. Cellulosic wastes under go incineration to offer a volume reduction factor of 30-50, whereas rubber and plastic wastes are compacted to give a volume reduction factor of about 3. Conventional incineration of such wastes releases toxic gases, viz. Dioxin and Furan. High temperature plasma process is internationally accepted as an effective solution for incineration of all types of combustible wastes. The exhaust emissions out of this process are well within the standards prescribed by government agencies. The present article provides a brief account of efforts to demonstrate plasma based technology for management of all types of potentially combustible radioactive solid wastes. The 25kg/hr-capacity-system designed to carry out this activity has been equipped to treat wastes in a single step at a very high temperature (> 1500 K). Experience gained during the demonstration runs would help in scaling the system's capacity significantly higher to treat 50 kg/hr. The scaled-up version could see immediate deployment across several DAE facilities besides having potential applications for managing municipal wastes upwards of 100 tons per day. (author)
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Journal Article
Journal
BARC Newsletter; ISSN 0976-2108;
; (no.370); p. 6-10

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White, J.; Richmond, C.
Stein (G.R.) Refractories Ltd., Sheffield (UK)1974
Stein (G.R.) Refractories Ltd., Sheffield (UK)1974
AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
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Source
31 Jul 1974; 3 p; GB PATENT DOCUMENT 1361607/B/
Record Type
Patent
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AbstractAbstract
[en] Short communication
Primary Subject
Source
Hoffmann, M.J. (ed.) (Max-Planck-Institut fuer Metallforschung, Stuttgart (Germany). Pulvermetallurgisches Lab.); Becher, P.F. (ed.) (Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States). Metals and Ceramics Div.); Petzow, G. (ed.) (Max-Planck-Institut fuer Metallforschung, Stuttgart (Germany). Pulvermetallurgisches Lab.); Key Engineering Materials; v. 89-91; 782 p; ISBN 0-87849-668-8;
; 1994; p. 113; Trans Tech Publ; Aedermannsdorf (Switzerland); International conference on silicon nitride-based ceramics; Stuttgart (Germany); 4-6 Oct 1993; ISSN 1013-9826;
; CODEN KEMAEY


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Saxena, Vibha; Singh, Ajay; Muthe, K.P.; Choudhury, Sipra; Tanvi, E-mail: vibhas@barc.gov.in
Proceedings of the seventeenth international conference on thin films: abstracts2017
Proceedings of the seventeenth international conference on thin films: abstracts2017
AbstractAbstract
[en] Ultra-thin WO3 films were prepared by thermal decomposition of WO3-(octadecylamine) ODA multilayers deposited using Langmuir-Blodgett technique. The formation of WO3 was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and surface morphology was found to have uniform for film thickness in range, 4-20 nm. The blocking properties of WO3 films were studied as a function of their thickness using electrochemical method. Detailed analyses suggested that 9 nm thick film was sufficient to serve as blocking layer. These findings may be employed to fabricate organic (Dye sensitized and perovskite) solar cells employing WO3 as blocking layer. (author)
Source
CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi (India); Indian Vacuum Society, Mumbai (India); 236 p; 2017; p. 29; ICTF-2017: 17. international conference on thin films; New Delhi (India); 13-17 Nov 2017
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