[en] The evolution of different physical, chemical, microbiological and sensorial characteristics of a Tunisian manufactured cheese made of non cooked pressed cheese paste with red chilli powder treated by heat, was measured while in refrigerated storage and compared to the one treated by ionization (author)

No abstract available

[en] An IAEA Symposium was held on the Biophysical Aspects of Radiation Quality at Lucas Heights, N.S.W. , Australia, from 8 to 12 March 1971. This Symposium was a follow-up of two IAEA panels on the same subject, held in 1965 and 1967, respectively. A few words here on the history of these meetings would seem to be justified. In 1964 the IAEA planned to convene a panel meeting on the subject of microdosimetry. This new field of research had, mainly due to work done by Rossi of Columbia University, very rapidly developed into an important branch of radiation biophysics. (authors)

[en] A suitable physical parameter of radiation quality must represent not only the mean but also the fluctuation of the energy deposition per particle passage through that microscopic site of tissue in which proximity between radiation-induced lesions is decisive for the action mechanism. For sites of nanometre dimensions restricted LET is considered to have this property because (a) the distribution moments j and j²/j of the number j of ionisations per delta ray within the site are almost independent of the type and energy of the primary particle, and (b) the Poisson fluctuations of the number of primary ionisations within the site is determined by its mean value, which is proportional to restricted LET. Corresponding to this theoretical qualification as a suitable parameter, restricted LET has been experimentally identified as determining the yield factor α of various cellular radiation effects. (author)

[en] The acceleration energy of an electron absorber is to be monitored from the range of the electrons. The invention therefore provides for the electron absorber to be divided into several insulated sections and these sections are each connected to an input of a signal processing system. The monitoring device is particularly suitable for medical radiation therapy. (orig./HP)

[en] Secondary electron emission and its contribution to the current detector is known for ionizing chambers. The response detector (air) is a function of the atomic number of the wall above. With a P.N. junction the entered window is not at the electronic equilibrium. It is shown that the current measured in the depletion layer result from secondary electrons emitted by the entered window and also by the walls before it. This double contribution is very useful and is at the origine of the large variation of currents with characteristics of the X-ray beams

[en] A device to determine the quality of X-radiation has been described. Measurement reel comprises an amplifying screen, X-ray film and light attenuators of radiation. The light attenuator is produced in the form of two optical wedges: rough and smooth ones, which increases the rapidity of obtaining results. Using the device suggested both effective voltage on X-ray tube and effective energy and heterogeneity of radiation can be determined

[en] Methods for calculating the dose equivalent and quality factors of electron-photon radiation are proposed within the framework of the generalized microdosimetric approach. It is shown that the active radiation spectra can be considered as the radiation effect criterion searched. 14 refs

[en] Purpose: A total of 79 115 mammograms from statutory health insurance (SHI) physicians within German outpatient care were evaluated with respect to the diagnostic image quality. Materials and Methods: Mammograms were randomly selected between 2006 and 2008 by the regional Associations of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians and submitted to regional boards of experts for external evaluation. The mammogram quality was evaluated using a 3-point scale (adequate, borderline, failure) and documented using a nationally standardized protocol. Results: 87.6 % of the mammograms were classified as adequate, 11.0 % as borderline and 1.4 % as failure. Mediolateral oblique mammograms (mlo) had worse ratings than craniocaudal mammograms (cc). Main reasons for classifying the mammograms as borderline or failure were 'inframammary fold not adequately visualized' (mlo), 'pectoral muscle not in the correct angle or not to the level with the nipple' (mlo), 'the nipple not in profile' (mlo, cc) and 'breast not completely or not adequately visualized' (cc). Conclusion: The results show a good overall quality of mammograms in German outpatient medical care. Failures can be associated predominantly with incorrect positioning of the breast. More precisely defined quality criteria using objective measures are recommended, especially for craniocaudal mammograms (cc). (orig.)

[en] The author tries to assess whether studies of the influence of radiation quality yield insight into causes of differences in radiosensitivity as observed between cell types and between cells in different phases of the mitotic cycle. The linear-quadratic equation is discussed and the usefulness of analysing normal-tissue responses in predicting clinical tolerance and tumor cell response. (UK)