[en] This article examines the potential of using metal tritides for the purpose of radioluminescent lighting. Theoretical considerations show that selected metal tritides could offer power capacities comparable to tritium gas. In addition, appropriate configuration of metal tritides and a suitable phosphor can result in radioluminescent light structures having luminance values greater than that of tritium gas lights. The validity of these theoretical projections have been tested experimentally. The results indicate that lithium tritide, compared in an equivalent way to tritium gas at standard conditions, provides a power flux and therefore luminance which is at lest 44% of that delivered by tritium gas. Surface modifications to increase the power flux from a lithium tritide film to a phosphor resulted in a 1.9 fold increase in luminance over that measured from a planar arrangement. (orig.)

[en] Activation of a zinc sulfide phosphor with β-radiation will provide a self-sustaining light source. Tritium in the form of HT gas is an ideal radionuclide for this purpose because, owing to its relatively low radiotoxicity, it can be used in a high specific activity form with reasonable safety, resulting in a high light output per unit volume. Gaseous tritium light sources usually consists of borosilicate glass capsules or tubes in a variety of shapes and size, internally coated with zinc sulfide phosphor. After coating the capsule is evacuated, backfilled with HTξ sealed. The phosphor then becomes activated by the β-radiation from the tritium and emits light. Depending on the type of phosphor used, the emitted light varies from ultraviolet to low infrared. The internal pressure of the HT within the capsule can range from about 10 kPa up to about 250 kPa, depending on the brightness requirement. (author). 15 refs, 2 figs, 1 tab

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] Purpose. In this study, spatio-temporal beam profiling for electron ultra-high dose rate (UHDR; >40 Gy s⁻¹) radiation via Cherenkov emission and radioluminescence imaging was investigated using intensified complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor cameras. Methods. The cameras, gated to FLASH optimized linear accelerator pulses, imaged radioluminescence and Cherenkov emission incited by single pulses of a UHDR (>40 Gy s⁻¹) 10 MeV electron beam delivered to the isocenter. Surface dosimetry was investigated via imaging Cherenkov emission or scintillation from a solid water phantom or Gd₂O₂S:Tb screen positioned on top of the phantom, respectively. Projected depth–dose profiles were imaged from a tank filled with water (Cherenkov emission) and a 1 g l⁻¹ quinine sulfate solution (scintillation). These optical results were compared with projected lateral dose profiles measured by Gafchromic film at different depths, including the surface. Results. The per-pulse beam output from Cherenkov imaging agreed with the photomultiplier tube Cherenkov output to within 3% after about the first five to seven ramp-up pulses. Cherenkov emission and scintillation were linear with dose (R ² = 0.987 and 0.995, respectively) and independent of dose rate from ∼50 to 300 Gy s⁻¹ (0.18–0.91 Gy/pulse). The surface dose distribution from film agreed better with scintillation than with Cherenkov emission imaging (3%/3 mm gamma pass rates of 98.9% and 88.8%, respectively). Using a 450 nm bandpass filter, the quinine sulfate-based water imaging of the projected depth optical profiles agreed with the projected film dose to within 5%. Conclusion. The agreement of surface dosimetry using scintillation screen imaging and Gafchromic film suggests it can verify the consistency of daily beam quality assurance parameters with an accuracy of around 2% or 2 mm. Cherenkov-based surface dosimetry was affected by the target’s optical properties, prompting additional calibration. In projected depth–dose profiling, scintillation imaging via spectral suppression of Cherenkov emission provided the best match to film. Both camera-based imaging modalities resolved dose from single UHDR beam pulses of up to 60 Hz repetition rate and 1 mm spatial resolution. (paper)

No abstract available

[en] This Ordinance regulates the approval of radioluminescent timepieces (wristwatches, fob-watches, alarm-clocks, clocks, etc.) imported or made in Switzerland. Such timepieces must comply with conditions in particular regarding their maximum radioactivity as laid down by the Ordinance and are subject to controls by the Federal Office of Public Health. The Ordinance, which came into force on 1 March 1984, replaces a similar Ordinance of 18 April 1968. (NEA)

[en] A patent on an improved radioluminescent light source emitting radiation which is induced by a gaseous radioactive substance is reported. The light source has a transparent coating, a luminescent layer at a section of the internal side of the coating, and radioactive gas closed within the hollow of the light source. Due to the radiation of radioactive gas the luminescent layer emits visible light which emerges at the section of the coating not covered by the luminescent layer. (author)

[en] The luminescence radiation on SiO₂ samples, caused by ionizing radiation of high dose and emitted at room temperature, can be recorded locally by autoradiographic techniques and materials. By this method results are obtained about the homogeneity and the quality of silica glasses, about the structure of quartz crystals and quartz-bearing minerals, about the agglomeration of the quartz crystals in ceramics and about the structural disturbances in thin SiO₂ layers. (author)

[en] Thermoluminescence (TL), radioluminescence (RL) and cathodoluminescence (CL) spectra are presented for a range of alkali feldspar samples. These show that the spectra are complex, but contain a number of distinct emission bands. Intercomparison of the TL, RL and CL data for the ca 400 nm band shows that the peak wavelength may vary with type of stimulation. Activation energy data calculated over the temperature range 80-110^oC, which are sample-dependent, indicate that the trapped charge population at 550 nm has a lower thermal stability than those associated with 290 and 400 nm centres. (author)

[en] A topological separation and distinction between phanerocrystalline and cryptocrystalline quartz varieties can be made by relatively simple means and small equipment in using the luminescence autoradiographical technique. The reasons that there is no luminescence with cryptocrystalline quartz samples usually appearing by using this method may be, first of all, disturbances in the structure of the quartz lattice, in particular distortions at the SiO₄ tetrahedron. In this connection the content of foreign atoms which exists in the chalcedonies in the same order of magnitude as in the quartz, sometimes being even higher, has certainly no effect. (author)