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AbstractAbstract
[en] The book begins with brief statements from representatives of political organizations. Part II presents an overview of the discussion about the control and management of technological progress. Parts III and IV discuss important elements in citizens' perception of technological risks and the development of consensus on how to deal with them. In Part V practical problems in the application of risk assessment and management, and in Part VI additional points are summarized. (DG)
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Source
Publication of the Science Center Berlin; v. 23; 1980; 153 p; Hain; Koenigstein/Ts. (Germany, F.R.); International conference on technological risk: Its perception and handling in the European Community; Berlin (Germany, F.R.); 2 - 3 Apr 1979; ISBN 3-445-12079-X; 

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Book
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AbstractAbstract
[en] With the given variety of damage risks it is proposed to form groups of damage risks like groups of damage objects, of damage types and of damage sources as well as risk groups in order to get a general view. This limiting information on the concept of damage risk shows the way of influencing risks. The greatest possible influence offer the removal of the damage source, a separation of damage source from damage object, the elimination of damage types, the reduction of the damage amount and the reduction of the damage frequency. (DG)
[de]
Um bei der Vielfalt der Schadensrisiken einen Ueberblick zu gewinnen, wird die Bildung von Schadensrisikogruppen wie Schadensobjektgruppen, -artengruppen und -quellengruppen sowie Wagnisgruppen vorgeschlagen. Diese abgrenzenden Angaben zum Begriff Schadensrisiko weisen den Weg zur Risikobeeinflussung. Als groesstmoegliche Beeinflussung bieten sich die Beseitigung der Schadensquelle, eine Trennung von Schadensquelle und Schadensobjekt, die Ausschaltung der Schadensart, die Verringerung der Schadenshoehe und die Verringerung der Schadenshaeufigkeit an. (DG)Original Title
Prinzipien und Methoden der Risikobeeinflussung - dargestellt an Beispielen aus der Praxis
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Source
Gesellschaft fuer Sicherheits-Wissenschaft e.V., Wuppertal (Germany, F.R.); 392 p; nd; p. 273-283; GfS-summer-symposion '79; Wuppertal, Germany, F.R; 10 - 13 Jun 1979; Available from Fachinformationszentrum Energie, Physik, Mathematik, Karlsruhe, Germany, F.R
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AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
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Brief note.
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Journal Article
Journal
Health Physics; ISSN 0017-9078;
; v. 40(2); p. 254

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AbstractAbstract
[en] In this article some of the measures taken at our own institution to control the radiation dose to staff are outlined and tentative estimates are made of the dose equivalent for staff engaged in similar radiation work throughout the country. From these estimates, some conclusions are drawn concerning the level of risk to such staff resulting from their work, and these conclusions are set against the numbers of investigations and treatments carried out. (author)
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Journal Article
Journal
Journal of the Society for Radiological Protection; ISSN 0260-2814;
; v. 1(3); p. 20-26

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AbstractAbstract
[en] In the opinion of the expert on applied economics the diagnosis and assessment of risks must be founded systematically. Check lists of dangers or special test methods for risks are used in cases which exceed an absolute or relative order or other quantitative properties. (DG)
[de]
Die Risikoerkennung- und erfassung muss nach Ansicht des Betriebswirtschaftlers systematisch aufgebaut sein. Hierzu dienen Checklisten der Gefahren oder besondere Risikopruefungsverfahren bei Geschaeften, die eine absolute oder relative Groessenordnung oder andere quantitative Merkmale ueberschreiten. (DG)Original Title
Die Systematik der Risiko-Erfassung im Industriebetrieb
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Gesellschaft fuer Sicherheits-Wissenschaft e.V., Wuppertal (Germany, F.R.); 392 p; nd; p. 160-162; GfS-summer-symposion '79; Wuppertal, Germany, F.R; 10 - 13 Jun 1979; Available from Fachinformationszentrum Energie, Physik, Mathematik, Karlsruhe, Germany, F.R
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Miscellaneous
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Wood, D.E.
Rockwell International Corp., Richland, WA (USA). Energy Systems Group1980
Rockwell International Corp., Richland, WA (USA). Energy Systems Group1980
AbstractAbstract
[en] Risk assessment has become a popular, controversial, and sometimes misunderstood subject in the nuclear field. Part of the difficulty is the use of different meanings by different investigators, as well as variations in the depth of analysis considered to be appropriate. This paper discusses the various meanings, suggests a specific meaning for decisions involving radiological hazards, considers the phases of such an analysis, and proposes an approach to be used where the methodology is incomplete
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Feb 1980; 14 p; Waste management conference; Tucson, AZ, USA; 10 Mar 1980; CONF-800313--7; Available from NTIS., PC A02/MF A01
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Report
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The problems of nuclear safety are analyzed as raised from the events at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant. Human factors, safety systems and new emergency measures are thoroughly discussed
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Journal Article
Journal
IEEE Spectrum; ISSN 0018-9235;
; v. 16(11); p. 59-79

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Newcombe, H.B.
Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, Ontario. Chalk River Nuclear Labs1979
Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, Ontario. Chalk River Nuclear Labs1979
AbstractAbstract
[en] Estimates of the health effects associated with the use of energy from various sources, including nuclear, fossil, and renewable resources, bear increasingly on the choice between the major energy options, now and in the future. Such comparisons are most appropriately based on the health effects per unit of electrical or other energy produced. They relate importantly to those energy options most likely to replace oil in the future, and they should properly represent the sum of the effects of all steps in the fuel cycles including fabrication and construction. The published comparisons all agree that coal is substantially more hazardous to health than the nuclear fuels, and the one relevant assessment of solar energy places it in an intermediate position. The levels of radiation exposure from nuclear energy are currently minute, and may in the future be expected to equal no more than one tenth the present average exposure from diagnostic radiology on this continent. (author)
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Feb 1979; 22 p
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Report
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Levine, S.; Stetson, F.T.
International Nuclear Law Association (INLA), Brussels (Belgium)1983
International Nuclear Law Association (INLA), Brussels (Belgium)1983
AbstractAbstract
[en] This paper deals with Probalistic Risk Assessment (PRA) studies and their results. The PRA is a combination of logic structures and analytical techniques that can be used to estimate the likelihood and consequences of events that have not been observed because of their low frequency occurrence. At first attitudes concerning PRA reports were controversial principally because of their new techniques and complex multidisciplinary nature. However these attitudes changed following the accident at Three Mile Island in 1979. Many people after this event came to appreciate the risks associated with the operation of nuclear power plants, and since the TMI accident there has been a rapid expansion, in the use of PRA in the US and other countries. (NEA)
[fr]
Cette communication traite des etudes relatives a l'evaluation probabiliste du risque (PRA) et de leurs resultats. Le PRA est une combinaison de structures logiques et de techniques analytiques qui peuvent etre utilisees pour evaluer la probabilite et les consequences d'evenements qui n'ont pas ete notes du au fait qu'ils interviennent rarement. Au depart, les reactions concernant les rapports relatifs au PRA etaient partagees, principalement en raison de leurs nouvelles techniques et de leur nature complexe multidisciplinaire. Cependant, ces points de vue ont evolue a la suite de l'accident de Three Mile Island en 1979 qui a amene bon nombre de personnes a mieux comprendre les risques associes a l'exploitation des centrales nucleaires. Depuis cet accident, la mise en oeuvre du PRA a connu une extension rapide tant aux Etats-Unis que dans d'autres paysPrimary Subject
Source
1983; 28 p; Nuclear Inter Jura '83; San Francisco, CA (USA); 11-15 Sep 1983
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The causal analysis is an important aid in qualifying the risk of technical systems. It proceeds from the causes and provides us with clear statements whereas reversed consequences are not always clear. When analyzing chains of cause and effect the differential diagnosis offers the possibility of determining the different chains of cause and effect. The application of both methods is for economic reasons limited to a small range of technology. (DG)
[de]
Die Kausalanalyse bildet ein wesentliches Hilfsmittel zur Qualifizierung des Risikos technischer Systeme. Sie geht von den Ursachen aus und liefert eineindeutige Aussagen, waehrend der Umkehrschluss nicht immer eindeutig ist. Bei der Analyse von Kausalketten bietet die Differentialdiagnose die Moeglichkeit, die verschiedenen Kausalketten zu bestimmen. Beide Methoden sind in ihrer Anwendung aus wirtschaftlichen Gruenden auf einen kleinen Bereich der Technik beschraenkt. (DG)Original Title
Kausalanalysen und Differentialdiagnosen zur Risiko-Qualifikation
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Gesellschaft fuer Sicherheits-Wissenschaft e.V., Wuppertal (Germany, F.R.); 392 p; nd; p. 143-159; GfS-summer-symposion '79; Wuppertal, Germany, F.R; 10 - 13 Jun 1979; Available from Fachinformationszentrum Energie, Physik, Mathematik, Karlsruhe, Germany, F.R
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