[en] The palladium-mediated C-H radio-iodination of arenes using sodium iodide as the primary isotopic source is reported and performed without chemical know-how in 30 min and applied to the synthesis of complex radio-iodinated compounds of biological interest. (authors)

No abstract available

No abstract available

[en] Expression and function of sodium iodide symporter (NIS) is requisite for efficient iodide transport in thyrocytes, and its presence in cancer cells allows the use of radioiodine as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in thyroid neoplasia. Discovery of NIS expression in extrathyroidal tissues, including transformed cells, has opened a novel field of research regarding NIS-expressing extrathyroidal neoplasia. Indeed, expression of NIS may be used as a biomarker for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes. Moreover, stimulation of endogenous NIS expression may permit the radioiodine treatment of extrathyroidal lesions by concentrating this radioisotope. This review describes recent findings in NIS research in extrathyroidal malignancies, focusing on breast and urological cancer, emphasizing the most relevant developments that may have clinical impact. Given the recent progress in the study of NIS regulation as molecular basis for new therapeutic approaches in extrathyroidal cancers, particular attention is given to studies regarding the relationship between NIS and clinical-pathological aspects of the tumors and the regulation of NIS expression in the experimental models

[en] Highlights: • The calculation of photons flux balance through the detector surface is used to determine the detector efficiency. • The detector's solid angle value is obtained by calculating the flux of photons entering the detector. • The method adaptable to calculating the efficiency of a detector irradiated with a source in form of a disk, ring, rectangle. An approach for calculating the detection efficiency of gamma-ray detectors, based on the calculation of the influx/outflux balance of the photons through the detector, is presented. This method can be applied to several simple geometrical configurations. The method is also used to estimate the solid angle of a detector.

[en] This work demonstrates how MCNP can be used to predict the response of mobile search and survey equipment from base principles. The instrumentation evaluated comes from the U.S. Department of Energy's Aerial Measurement Systems. Through reconstructing detector responses to various point-source measurements, detector responses to distributed sources can be estimated through superposition. Use of this methodology for currently deployed systems allows predictive determinations of activity levels and distributions for common configurations of interest. This work helps determine the quality and efficacy of certain surveys in fully characterizing an effected site following a radiological event of national interest

[en] Capsules from cow or plant gelatin sources are commonly used in the production of a modern or traditional medicinal product. The objective of the experiment is to select the most appropriate and quick method to dissolve the capsule. In addition, it also aims to select the appropriate type of capsule to use and adhere to the tests recommended by British Pharmacopoeia (BP). Two types of solvents were used, namely Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) pH 7.2 and Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) media. Three different tools are also used at specific temperatures to assist the dissolution process. The results showed that both cow and plant gelatin capsules were more soluble in PBS pH 7.2 than TSB media. Then the PBS solvent was used for further testing using three different tools and temperatures. It was found that cow gelatin capsules dissolve at 37 degree Celsius using a water bath compared to plant capsules and other tools. This method has been chosen to dissolve the capsules for the purpose of microbiological quality control testing on sodium iodide (I-131) capsule products issued in the Medical Technology Division. (author)

[en] Short note

No abstract available

[en] Effectively estimating the scatter background can improve the precision of spectrum resolution. A method of estimating the background based on the Fourier transform was introduced. Applying the method to both the synthesized spectrum and measured spectrum, the results show that the method can estimate the background automatically and accurately. (authors)