[en] The shoe-sole contamination measuring instrument has got a foot board with webs and openings arranged over a large-area counter. In order to increase the probability of detection for the radiating particles the supporting webs have got a triangular cross-section. The tops (points or narrow edges) are turned towards the shoes. The openings may be round holes arranged in rows and staggered in such a way that conical borings will be formed, the contact areas of which are running according to the way of an inserted ridge of a roof. (DG)

[en] The monitor has detector devices at an angle to each other made as a rigid component which can be rotated around a vertical axis in the angle between the joined detector devices. A reset drive which can be tensioned is provided at the axis of rotation. If it is in its rest position, a platform is situated as floor plate with a foot detector between the vertical detector devices. (orig./HP)

[en] The contamination monitoring is done by means of flat detectors, which are part of two detector walls. The detector walls are interlocked at an angle of 104⁰. Both the detector walls or columns have a vertical subdivision, which reduces the sensitivity of the arrangement at these places and therefore achieves an even measurement over the measurement cross section of the person to be monitored. (DG)

[en] Undercarriage for a large area counter tube constructed as contamination monitor for area contamination which is to be used as floor monitor. By means of an elastic cord, it is held on a frame which has a drawbar with a handle and roller balls. (HP) 891 HP

[en] The monitor has only two detector columns at an angle to one another and possibly divided in height, whose detectors are divided in the vertical direction in a middle range depending on a reference shape. The units formed by the subdivision equal the effect produced by the subdivision in approximation to the reference shape in evaluation. By including the detector columns divided into several detectors in height, a detector of about half the width is produced at a level above the threshold. Underarm boxes are provided at the outer edge of this detector, which are directed obliquely upwards. (orig./HP)

[en] The monitor comprises, among other things, a standing platform for the person to be tested, with an open-worked foot board. The supporting cross-pieces have a triangular cross section, the base of which faces the detector, and the point of which faces the shoesole; thereby a considerable augmentation of the detection probability is obtained. (HP)

[en] The large surface proportional counter is used particularly for investigating surface contamination. Two or more electrically indepent counters are combined below the radiation inlet window of the counter case, which improves the ratio of noise to useful signal without adversely affecting the geometrical efficiency. Each counter consists of a meandering anode wire, which covers part of the radiation inlet window. Each anode wire is connected with a ratemeter situated outside the counter case. (DG)

[en] Hand-held surface contamination monitors are widely used for radiological protection in the nuclear and pharmaceutical industries, hospitals and universities. R232, a recent publication by the UK National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB), is a comprehensive evaluation of twenty-two instruments suitable for monitoring surface contamination by radionuclides in the workplace. Particular attention has been given to assessing their suitability for the monitoring required by the 1985 UK Ionising Radiations Regulations. The majority of the instruments examined are established models, commonly used in UK, but some relatively new instruments have also been included. The selection of instruments for evaluation has not therefore been exhaustive, and many other instrument types are used for contamination monitoring, especially in other countries. Whenever possible, several examples of each instruments, of varying age and degrees of usage, have been tested. The results presented are the average of all examples examined. The report is summarized in this article. (author)

No abstract available

[en] In Germany, literally thousands of new contamination monitors have been made available in the last two years to civil protection organizations, technical rescue squads, fire brigades and even local communities. In order to avoid at least some of the public confusion and mistakes that happened after Chernobyl, a basic knowledge on radiation, a continued instrument training, and an insight into the strategies pursued by the measurements must be conveyed to the potential users of the monitors. The open-mindedness of the emergency staff members to acquire such knowledge exists, the readiness to learn is there. Thus, the competent authorities, whoever they are, are urged to spend much more efforts than up to now in developing standard manuals, instructions for measuring procedures etc. as terms of reference for non-professional instrument users. (orig.)