[en] The thermomechanical force acting on an asymmetrically heated body in He II is discussed. The force is produced by the normal component flow caused by the thermal inhomogeneity. The effect is calculated in terms of linearized dissipative two-liquid hydrodynamics for the case of a spherical body. For the 3-D geometry the force is essentially determined by the viscous contribution (while that for a plane body would be caused by the hydrostatical fountain pressure). This fact results in the sensitivity of the effect to the boundary conditions for v_{nperpendicular}. Thus the experimental observation of the thermomechanical force can give an opportunity for measurement of the unknown kinetic coefficient

[en] Highlights: • Interfacial reaction in Cu/Sn-9Zn/Ni joint with thermal gradient was in situ studied. • Cu₅Zn₈ IMC layer effectively hindered Cu-Ni cross-interaction and thermomigration. • Ni₃Sn₄-type and Cu₆Sn₅-type IMCs had little effect on protecting Cu or Ni substrate. • Spalling mechanism of interfacial Cu₅Zn₈ layer was revealed.

[en] In this paper we have exploited the self-imaging or Talbot effect and Moire technique to measure the temperature distribution in the air enclosed between two paral led plates of different temperatures. This study shows that for the plates width of 60 cm a change of 1^degC in 1 cm can be easily detected

No abstract available

[en] Attention is called to a simple theoretical kinematical study of the gradient of any cosmic scalar field in the universe, which might be used for an alternative interpretation for the very recent results obtained by COBE regarding the matter density gradient and in turn the temperature gradient in the universe. (author). 10 refs

[en] We give a summary of the presentations and discussions that took place in the High Gradient Structures Working Group at the 2006 Advanced Accelerator Concepts Workshop. Following the working group mission statement and charge, the talks are listed, with brief descriptions and highlights of the discussions that they generated

[en] We quantitatively investigate the behavior of momentum cumulants in the φ⁴ theory under thermal gradients, using stochastic thermostats. We relate this to the violations of local equilibrium. The non-equilibrium behavior is found to be quite well described by a dependence ∼(∇T)², on the temperature gradient. Dependence of the quantities on the thermostat type is analyzed and its physical implications are discussed

[en] A recent analysis of mean gradient and spectral measurements at Brookhaven is reviewed. Estimates of the stress derived from mean wind profiles compare favorably with the measured quantity /-u'w'. However, some of the assumptions used, particularly the constancy of the stress with height at the Brookhaven site are discussed. Spectral data are presented which indicate the vertical velocity component obeys similarity theory and those spectra agree with some recent suggestions for the shape of the w spectra. The longitudinal and lateral components, u and v, also obey the similarity hypothesis but over a smaller frequency range than the w component. The v component also appears to be more influenced by thermal stratification than the other two components. Finally, the ratio of the vertical velocity variance to the stress fits quite adequately into recent suggestions concerning the shape of the spectra. (author)

No abstract available

[en] The asteroid belt shows radial zoning of compositional structure. The most abundant types are successively S, C and P types from the inner to the outer parts of the main belt, and D type in the Trojan clouds. Boundaries between compositional zones are not sharp, but gradual transitions over scales ∼1 AU in semimajor axis. The authors examine processes for producing this structure before, during and after the accretion of asteroids. The initial structure is established by temperature and composition gradients in the turbulent solar nebula during the collapse of the presolar cloud. The radial scale of the zoning, comparable to the disk thickness, favors disk models with relatively low turbulent viscosity. Radial decay of solid bodies due to gas drag during settling to the central plane and planetesimal formation probably causes only a small degree of mixing, due to the systematic nature of drag-induced motions