[en] The BNL 200 MeV linac presently provides beam for the AGS high energy physics program and for isotope production at the Brookhaven Linac Isotope Producer (BLIP) facility. There is now a proposal to develop a proton therapy facility which would also use the linac beam. Approximately 1% of the current in each linac beam pulse would be diverted from BLIP, down an existing transport line, to the proposed new facility. This paper focuses on the basic design of the facility, particularly the accelerator issues. The planned transport line layout is presented, along with a description of the energy and intensity control, and beam delivery systems. In the initial phase, we are planning one 360 degrees vertical gantry and one horizontal treatment room

[en] The herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) is a very common disorder. In those patient, who do not respond, more direct therapeutic measures, may be necessary. The chymopapain cheomonuclelysis, after two decades of development, has provided a variable alternative to surgical diskectomy for treatment of HNP. The changes of CT scan follow-up 1 month and 3 month that occur in the disks of those patient who respond to chymopapain chemonucleolysis must be defined and evaluation of temporal radiographic changes may also help clarity mechanism by which chemonucleolysis relieves sciatic pain caused by HNP. The results were as follows: 1. Our data indicates that chymopapain chemonucleolysis was effective in 70% and 90% of patients at both 1 M. and 3 M. follow-up. (average 80%) 2. At 1 M. follow-up, a successful response was noted in 70% of patients, with all significant intervertebral disc space narrowing (average 2.7 mm) and 30% of them showing an observable diminution in the herniated disc fragment (average 0.8 mm). At 3 M. follow-up, a successful response was noted in 90% of patients, with 70% of them showing significant narrowing (average 1.2 mm) and observable diminution in the herniated disc fragment (average 1.5 mm). The refor, with 3 M. follow-up, the CT changes did become more pronounced with greater number of patients exhibiting a diminution of the disk herniation and interspace narrowing, and associated with more progressive improvement of clinical outcome. 3. New vaccum phenomenon and extradiskal effects of chymopapain appear to be absent. 4. At 1 M. follow-up, Housefield Unit (HU) of disk is generally increased (average 8.8 HU) and at 3 M. follow-up, it is decreased (average 6 HU).

[en] Full text of publication follows. Antibodies are widely accepted as remarkably versatile therapeutic agents. As evidence of this, the ∼ 30 antibody products marketed worldwide had total global sales of more than 50 billion dollars in 2012, and the commercial clinical pipeline currently comprises over 350 antibody-based product candidates. In a testament to scientific ingenuity, the investigational molecules (clinical and preclinical) are notably diverse in their composition of matter and include antibodies conjugated to a variety of agents (drugs, radioisotopes), bi-specific antibodies, and fragments or domains of antibodies. The concepts that form the basis of these agents were established decades ago, but advances in technology are now allowing new opportunities for their development. In this presentation, future directions in antibody therapeutics development will be discussed, with a focus on antibody-drug conjugates, bi-specific antibodies and radioimmunotherapy. (author)

[en] The results achieved on the clinical assay, which took place on the 'Miguel Enrique' Surgical and Clinical Hospital, are presented. The main objective is to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the equipment for laser physiotherapy Fisser 21, over the healing of dehiscent wounds after the aesthetic surgery, comparing them with the most common treatment with antibiotics. All data obtained between two groups were analyzed, the first one with laser therapy (21 patients), and the other one with conventional treatment (18 patients). Taking into account such comparison, the dependence of the speed of reduction of the dehiscence width from the time of healing of this kind of wounds is proposed. (Author)

[en] Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most lethal human cancers. Genomic analyses define the molecular architecture of GBM and highlight a central function for mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. mTOR kinase exists in two multi-protein complexes, namely, mTORC1 and mTORC2. These complexes differ in terms of function, regulation and rapamycin sensitivity. mTORC1 is well established as a cancer drug target, whereas the functions of mTORC2 in cancer, including GBM, remains poorly understood. This study reviews the recent findings that demonstrate a central function of mTORC2 in regulating tumor growth, metabolic reprogramming, and targeted therapy resistance in GBM, which makes mTORC2 as a critical GBM drug target

[en] This study carried a comparative analysis of quality of living perceived by cancer and hospice patients who received radiotherapy, and influential factors in order to provide basic data for nursing goals and establishment of strategy. The subjects of the study were 50 cancer patients who were more than twenty years old and was receiving radiotherapy in therapeutic radiology department of C university hospital, and fourteen hospice patients who were in J hospital in Gwangju. They were conveniently sampled according to the selection standard, and researchers personally interviewed them using questionnaire and patient scripts to obtain necessary data. The results were presented as follows: 1. When cancer and hospice patients were examined demographically, the number of 60 year-old patients were the most. The subjects whose marriage period was more than thirty-one years were the most. In medical expense, more than 70.0% of the patients bore their expenses themselves. 2. When disease-related characteristics of the cancer and pos piece patients were examined, more than 75% of the patients had experience of being in hospital, and more than experienced operation. However, for prevalence period, 57.5% of the cancer patients had less than six months, and 64.3% of the hospice patients had more than two years. 3. For physical symptoms of cancer patients, 77.5% had fatigue, 60.0% had loss of appetite, and 52.5% had loss of weight while for the hospice patients, 100% had loss of weight, and 92.9% had fatigue and loss of appetite. For the cancer patients, 0.0% had swelling, and 7.5% had bleeding, For the hospice patients, 7.1% had change in skin, and 14.3% had diarrhea. 4. Mean score of the cancer subjects were as follows: family support, social support, emotional and spiritual support, physical symptoms, and periods were 3.87, 2.88, 3.10, 2.80, and 2.94 respectively. Those of the hospice patients were 3.80, 1.96, 1.58, 2.64 and 3.24 respectively. 5. Mean score of family support of both patients were almost identical, but in character, a considerable difference was found: 3.10 and 1.58. In qualify of living, the mean score of hospice patients was slightly lower.

[en] At the University of Freiburg, a consensus was arrived at concerning the place of external radiotherapy in the management of thyroid cancer. External irradiations is always indicated in papillary and folliculary carcinoma in the pT4 stage of pTNM classification but not in those in pT1-3 pN0 stage. In the presence of lymph-node metastases and distant metastases, an individual treatment concept is recommended, which should be set up in an interdisciplinary conference regarding all risk factors, especially the age and sex of the patient, the histology and grading of the tumor and the completeness of tumor resection. Finally, radiotherapy is usually not indicated in medullary thyroid carcinoma, whereas it is always indicated in anaplastic carcinoma. (orig.)

[en] We describe a special treatment for the malignant peritoneal pseudomyxoma as suggested by Sugarbaker. Shortly, it is a combination of surgical cytoreduction with a curative aim, completed with inmediate postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Having in mind the lack of metastasic danger of these tumours, as well as its lack of infiltrative character, by this surgical technique which consists in five different ''peritonectomies'', one may be able to free the patient of macroscopic tumour. The additional intraperitoneal chemotherapy might contribute to increase the survival of these patients and, perhaps, even to cure them. (Author) 12 refs

[en] There is a campaign in the USA named Choosing Wisely. It means choosing diagnostics and therapy wisely. A lot of companies, even the two greatest in oncology, ASCO and ASTRO, are members of this campaign. The companies propagate lists of what NOT to use at some therapies.

[en] We evaluated whether Cyberknife radiosurgery is an effective and safe method of therapy for medically intractable trigeminal neuralgia (TN). We retrospectively analyzed the outcome of 26 patients, who failed to surgery or were not suitable candidates for invasive intervention and were treated by Cyberknife radiosurgery between March 2004 and May 2005. Radiosurgery doses of 60 ∼ 64 Gy were delivered to the 80% isodose line prescribed to an 6 mm length of the nerve, sparing the most proximal 3 mm away from the trigeminal nerve root entry zone (median dose: 64 Gy). Follow-up period was 3 ∼ 15 months (median follow-up period: 9 months) Preliminary results from a cohort of 26 patients undergoing Cyberknife radiosurgery for TN showed that pain relief was achieved in 50% (13/26) of patients within the first 24 hrs after treatment. At last follow-up, 96.2% (25/26) of patients reported early pain relief within 7 days. Treatment failure developed in 2 of 26. Poor response occurred in one patient and relapse was observed in the other patient. 3 patients had hypoesthesia (11.5%), which was the only complication observed with any of our patients. With these results, authors assumed that Cyberknife radiosurgery for TN could be one of safe and effective therapeutic methods