[en] Calibration curves that have been established under standardised and reproducible irradiation and culture conditions are essential for biological dosimetry based on chromosome aberration yields in human lymphocytes. The dose-dicentric relationships for 220 kV X-rays, 3 MeV electrons, ⁶⁰Co γ-rays and 15 MeV neutrons from the author's laboratory are presented. Generally only dose-effect curves of dicentrics or dicentrics plus rings are established. However, in cases of radiation exposures in low dose ranges the dicentric yield is very low and rarely distinguishable from control levels. It is therefore suggested that other aberration types such as deletions should be recorded or total chromosome damage used, e.g. as a breakage yield, for dose estimation. The application of banding techniques allows an extract analysis and classification of all aberration types, but the question whether G-banding is feasible for biological dosimetry, and whether it provides an improvement as compared with conventional methods based on dicentrics, is discussed. (author)