[en] A local operator formulation of non-Abelian gauge theories in the Landau gauge is presented and discussed. The formalism involves the usual gauge fields A/sub μ/, matter fields, unphysical ghost fields, and a further multiplet of unphysical local scalar fields B. The gauge-fixing term in the Lagrangian is B x (partial x A), which replaces the usual term (1/α)(partial x A)² characteristic of the generalized Lorentz gauges. The B field, formally the limit of (1/α) partial x A for α → 0, thus provides a local momentum operator which is canonically conjugate to A₀, and generates the Landau-gauge relation partial x A = 0 as a field equation. Both operator and functional methods are used to deduce the transversality conditions, Slavnov identities, and renormalization-group equations obeyed by the Green's functions. A functional formalism for vertex functions is presented, and it is shown that these functions are well defined in spite of the fact that the AA propagator has no inverse and the BB propagator vanishes. The gauge-field vertex functions are shown to be the α → 0 limits of those in the Lorentz gauges